Category: Medicine

Men are at a significantly higher risk of heart attacks than women, with the threat emerging as early as their mid-30s, according to a new study from Northwestern University.

A recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University reveals that men face the risk of heart attacks seven years earlier than women, beginning in their mid-30s. This finding underscores the necessity for earlier cardiovascular screening for men.

The study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA), analyzed data from over 5,000 adults aged 18 to 30, collected from the mid-1980s through 2020. This research was part of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.

According to the findings, men reached a 5% incidence of cardiovascular disease—including heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure—around the age of 50, while women did not reach this threshold until approximately age 57. The primary contributor to this disparity was coronary heart disease, which occurs when the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked. Notably, men experienced a 2% incidence of this condition more than a decade earlier than women. In contrast, the risks associated with stroke and heart failure appeared later in life.

The study indicates that men’s risk of developing heart disease begins to rise significantly around age 35 and remains elevated throughout midlife. All participants in the study were under 65 years old at the time of the last follow-up. Current guidelines typically recommend cardiovascular risk assessments starting at age 40, a practice some experts argue may overlook a critical window for early prevention.

Heart disease develops over many years, with early indicators becoming detectable in young adulthood. Senior study author Alexa Freedman, an assistant professor of preventive medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, emphasized the importance of promoting heart health screenings and preventive measures in young adulthood, particularly for young men.

Freedman stated, “Our findings highlight the importance of promoting heart health screening and prevention in young adulthood, especially for young men.” The researchers advocate for a more comprehensive approach to assessing heart risk, suggesting that it should extend beyond standard measures such as cholesterol and blood pressure to include a wider range of biological and social factors.

Dr. Andrew Freeman, a cardiologist and director of clinical cardiology at National Jewish Health in Denver, commented on the study’s findings, noting that it aligns with existing knowledge that men tend to experience heart attacks and strokes earlier than women. Although the study did not pinpoint the reasons for this predisposition, Freeman suggested that hormonal differences, dietary habits, and levels of physical activity could all contribute.

“The standard American lifestyle makes us all sick, and men seem to be more prone to developing this disease earlier,” Freeman remarked. He further noted that modern exposures to environmental toxins, such as those found in the food supply, as well as air, light, and sound pollution, are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

Freeman also highlighted that lifestyle factors such as increased sedentary behavior, inadequate sleep, heightened stress levels, and reduced social connections can exacerbate cardiovascular issues. “I think this study is really underscoring that it’s time for some big changes,” he said.

To mitigate heart health risks, Freeman recommends addressing any existing comorbidities, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and obesity. He suggests that individuals at higher risk for cardiovascular events may benefit from earlier screening, although he believes that early preventive measures should be applied universally.

“Coronary disease is manifesting earlier than ever here in the U.S., and we need to do everything we can to clean up our lifestyles and reduce our disease burden,” Freeman concluded. “If you’re a man, you’ve got to be extra aggressive earlier in life.”

These findings highlight the critical need for awareness and proactive measures in heart health, particularly among young men, to combat the rising incidence of cardiovascular disease.

According to Fox News, the study serves as a call to action for both individuals and healthcare providers to prioritize heart health from a younger age.

New research indicates that individuals who identify as “night owls” may face increased risks of heart attack and stroke due to circadian misalignment affecting their cardiovascular health.

Recent findings published in the Journal of the American Heart Association reveal that adults who consider themselves “evening people” tend to have poorer cardiovascular health and a higher risk of heart-related issues. The study examined the relationship between a person’s chronotype—whether they are naturally inclined to be active in the morning or evening—and their overall heart health.

The research analyzed 14 years of data from the UK Biobank, involving approximately 300,000 adults with an average age of 57. According to the study, around 8% of participants identified as “definitely evening people,” meaning they typically stayed up very late. In contrast, 24% classified themselves as “definitely morning people,” who tended to rise and retire early. The remaining 67% fell into an “intermediate” category, expressing uncertainty about their chronotype.

Heart health was assessed using the American Heart Association’s Life’s Essential 8 score, which evaluates various factors including activity levels, diet, blood pressure, cholesterol, nicotine use, sleep patterns, weight management, and blood sugar levels. Dr. Bradley Serwer, an interventional cardiologist and chief medical officer at VitalSolution, explained the significance of this comprehensive assessment.

The researchers also tracked the incidence of heart attacks and strokes during the follow-up period. They found that individuals who were more active in the evening exhibited a 79% higher risk of poor cardiovascular health compared to those in the intermediate group. Additionally, they faced a 16% increased risk of heart attack or stroke. Conversely, those who identified as morning people had slightly better heart health scores, with the effects being more pronounced in women than in men.

Lead study author Sina Kianersi, Ph.D., a research fellow at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, noted that “evening people” often experience circadian misalignment. This misalignment occurs when their internal body clock does not synchronize with the natural light-dark cycle or their daily routines. Kianersi pointed out that evening people may engage in behaviors detrimental to cardiovascular health, such as poor diet, smoking, and irregular sleep patterns.

Dr. Serwer, who was not involved in the study, emphasized the role of lifestyle habits in these findings. “Cardiovascular disease has multiple contributing causes,” he stated. “Sleep is just one variable—and the importance of high-quality, restorative sleep should not be undervalued.” The implications of these findings could guide healthcare providers in developing tailored lifestyle and medical interventions aimed at preventing cardiovascular events.

However, the study does have limitations. It does not establish a causal relationship between staying up late and heart problems but rather indicates an association. Additionally, the research relied on self-reported data regarding schedules, habits, and health, which may introduce bias. The UK Biobank participants are primarily White and generally healthier than the average population, suggesting that the results may not be broadly applicable.

Dr. Serwer added that while quality sleep is crucial, further research is necessary to determine the specific impact of sleep on cardiovascular health.

These findings highlight the importance of understanding how sleep patterns can influence heart health and underscore the need for continued investigation into the relationship between lifestyle choices and cardiovascular outcomes, according to Fox News Digital.

Ritesh Shah, founder of the Ritesh Shah Charitable Pharmacy, has been recognized in the ’50 Most Influential People in Pharmacy’ list for his impactful work in equitable healthcare.

RED BANK, NJ – Healthcare innovator Ritesh Shah has been named one of the ’50 Most Influential People in Pharmacy,’ a prestigious national ranking that honors leaders for their advocacy and service within the pharmacy profession.

Shah is the founder of the Ritesh Shah Charitable Pharmacy, a nonprofit organization dedicated to providing essential medications at no cost to uninsured and underinsured individuals. His work as a community pharmacist has garnered attention for establishing a sustainable and scalable model for equitable healthcare delivery.

In response to his recognition, Shah expressed his gratitude, stating, “I’m deeply honored by this recognition. Pharmacy is ultimately about people—meeting patients where they are and ensuring access to life-saving medications. This work is only possible because of the dedicated partners, volunteers, and communities we serve.”

The ‘Pharmacy50’ ranking highlights professionals who are actively transforming the pharmaceutical landscape. Shah’s initiatives have concentrated on enhancing patient access, ensuring medication affordability, and supporting the long-term viability of independent pharmacies. His leadership has been pivotal in repositioning pharmacists as crucial frontline responders, thereby influencing national policy discussions toward more compassionate healthcare solutions.

Shah’s dedication to public health has redefined the role of independent pharmacies, establishing them as trusted community hubs. His nonprofit initiative is frequently referenced as a benchmark for how mission-driven healthcare can significantly improve patient outcomes on a broad scale.

According to India-West, Shah’s contributions to the field of pharmacy exemplify the impact of community-focused healthcare initiatives.

New research indicates that early introduction of peanuts to infants significantly reduces the risk of developing food allergies, with eggs now being the most common allergen among children.

Recent studies have shifted the longstanding advice regarding peanut consumption in infants, suggesting that early exposure can significantly lower the risk of developing food allergies. A study conducted by the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, published in October 2025 in the journal *Pediatrics*, found that introducing peanuts during infancy led to a 27% decrease in peanut allergy diagnoses and a 38% reduction in overall food allergies among children.

Historically, parents were advised to avoid giving peanuts to babies for the first few years of life. However, emerging research supports the idea that introducing peanuts as early as 4 to 11 months can help prevent allergies. This change in perspective stems from the landmark 2015 Learning Early About Peanut Allergy (LEAP) trial, which demonstrated that infants with severe eczema or an egg allergy could reduce their risk of developing a peanut allergy by 81% when exposed to peanuts early.

The updated guidelines from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in 2021 further encouraged parents to introduce peanuts, eggs, and other major food allergens as early as 4 to 6 months, even for children without prior allergic reactions. This shift aims to combat the rising prevalence of food allergies among children.

Dr. Stanislaw Gabryszewski, the first author of the study and an attending physician in the Division of Allergy and Immunology at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, expressed optimism about the findings. “Everyone has been wondering whether these landmark public health interventions have had an impact on reducing rates of IgE-mediated food allergies in the United States,” he stated. “We now have data that suggest the effect of this landmark public health intervention is occurring.”

The study’s authors emphasized the importance of education and advocacy surrounding early food introduction practices. They noted that if these findings are confirmed, they would represent a significant advancement in public health, demonstrating that clinical research, when paired with clear guidelines, can effectively alter the trajectory of childhood food allergies.

While the study provides valuable insights, it is important to note that it only included data up to early 2019 and did not account for the 2021 guidelines promoting the early introduction of multiple allergens. Additionally, the research relied on electronic health records for allergy diagnoses, which may overlook some cases, and did not capture individual feeding patterns. As an observational study, it can only establish associations rather than direct cause-and-effect relationships.

Food allergies can pose serious health risks, with peanut allergies in particular leading to severe, life-threatening reactions such as difficulty breathing, throat swelling, and a dangerous drop in blood pressure. These reactions necessitate immediate treatment with epinephrine, a critical allergy medication.

Despite the encouraging findings, not all parents may feel comfortable adhering to the revised guidelines. Dr. Susan Schuval, chief of the Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology at Stony Brook Children’s Hospital, noted, “Not everyone has followed those guidelines, but this is further evidence that this early introduction is effective at preventing food allergies.” She encourages parents to consult with their pediatricians regarding any concerns before introducing potential food allergens to their children.

The evolving understanding of food allergies highlights the importance of ongoing research and communication between healthcare providers and families. As more data emerges, the hope is to further reduce the incidence of food allergies and improve the health outcomes for children.

According to Fox News Digital, the implications of these findings could lead to a broader acceptance of early allergen introduction, ultimately benefiting public health.

Viti Vitamins, co-founded by Dr. Pravesh Saini and Anshika Saini, aims to transform brain and nerve health by offering a proactive approach to chronic migraines through scientifically-backed nutrition.

In a wellness market saturated with generic supplements, Viti Vitamins is carving out a unique identity by addressing a widespread yet often misunderstood issue: chronic migraines and headaches. Founded by neurologist Dr. Pravesh Saini and product strategist Anshika Saini, this Los Angeles-based brand is built on the powerful idea of merging clinical precision with everyday simplicity to support brain and nerve health through consistent, proactive nutrition.

Rather than viewing migraines as mere inconveniences, Viti Vitamins treats them as chronic neurological conditions that require daily care rather than reactive solutions. This innovative perspective is at the core of the brand’s mission.

The inspiration for Viti Vitamins stemmed directly from Dr. Saini’s extensive experience in clinical neurology. After training at Loyola Stritch School of Medicine and completing a Neurology residency and Neurocritical Care subspecialization at the University of Southern California, Dr. Saini spent years treating patients whose lives were disrupted by frequent headaches and migraines.

Over time, he observed a recurring pattern among his patients. “Patients were looking for preventative care, but the market offered fragmented solutions,” Dr. Saini explained. “Most products focused on a single ingredient, like magnesium or B2, forcing people to piece together multiple supplements. It was expensive, confusing, and unsustainable.”

Despite clinical research consistently supporting the role of multiple nutrients in migraine prevention, over-the-counter options rarely reflected that science in a single, reliable product. This disconnect between clinical efficacy and commercial availability became the foundation for Viti Vitamins.

The brand’s debut product, Viti Vitamins Migraine Support Gummies, embodies its commitment to clinical integrity and daily usability. These gummies feature a first-of-its-kind blend of six nutrients commonly recommended by neurologists for migraine support: Magnesium, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, CoQ10, Feverfew, and Ginger.

Designed for consistent daily use, the formulation supports healthy nerve function over time rather than providing only temporary relief. Additionally, the product is intentionally clean—vegan, preservative-free, gelatin-free, and devoid of artificial dyes, fillers, sweeteners, and stimulants. Naturally colored with spirulina and sweetened, the gummies are crafted to encourage long-term adherence to the regimen.

Dr. Saini emphasized the importance of user experience, stating, “Our goal was to create something people could trust—and actually enjoy taking. If a product feels like a chore or causes side effects, people won’t stay consistent, no matter how effective it is on paper.”

While Dr. Saini leads the formulation and clinical direction, Anshika Saini oversees strategy, marketing, and brand development, ensuring that scientific rigor translates into an approachable consumer experience. With a background in product management and technology consulting at a Fortune 500 company, Anshika brings a systems-driven mindset to wellness innovation.

“When you’re managing a chronic condition, the last thing you need is a complicated, untrustworthy ritual,” she said. “We wanted to eliminate the guesswork and create a single-dose solution where science and simplicity align.”

For Anshika, Viti Vitamins represents an opportunity to empower individuals to regain control over their health without overwhelming them with jargon, excessive dosing schedules, or inconsistent formulations. Her vision focuses on developing holistic supplements that seamlessly integrate into everyday life, transforming evidence-based care into an effortless daily habit.

Together, Anshika and Dr. Saini exemplify a growing trend in health entrepreneurship: the fusion of medical expertise with consumer-first design. Their approach shifts migraine care from crisis management to long-term neurological wellness.

Rather than promising miracle cures, Viti Vitamins emphasizes integrity, consistency, and sustainability—principles the founders believe are essential for lasting vitality. “Brain and nerve health shouldn’t only be addressed when something goes wrong,” Anshika stated. “It should be supported every day, just like physical fitness or nutrition.”

As awareness around neurological wellness continues to rise, Viti Vitamins positions itself at the intersection of science-backed medicine and modern lifestyle design, offering a proactive solution for individuals seeking support rather than reactive relief.

From formulation to daily operations, the founders share a unified belief: lasting wellness is built through simple, trustworthy routines grounded in real science—not fleeting trends, according to Global Net News.

New research reveals that flu-positive individuals did not transmit the virus to healthy adults during a controlled study, suggesting key factors that may reduce flu transmission.

This year’s flu season has been characterized by an aggressive new strain, leading to record-high hospitalizations and severe symptoms across the United States. As public health officials seek ways to curb the spread of influenza, a groundbreaking study has uncovered several factors that may significantly reduce transmission rates.

Researchers from the University of Maryland Schools of Public Health and Engineering, alongside the School of Medicine in Baltimore, conducted a unique study on influenza transmission. They placed flu-positive college students in a hotel room with healthy middle-aged adult volunteers to observe potential virus spread.

The study, published in the journal PLOS Pathogens, is reportedly the first clinical trial to investigate how the flu spreads from naturally infected individuals to uninfected ones. A total of 11 healthy volunteers participated in the trial, living on a quarantined floor of a Baltimore-area hotel for two weeks. During this period, they engaged in various simulated interactions, including conversations, physical activities like yoga, and sharing objects such as pens and tablets.

Throughout the study, researchers closely monitored the participants for symptoms, conducted daily nasal swabs, and collected saliva and blood samples to test for antibodies. They also measured the “viral exposure” in the volunteers’ breathing air and the ambient air in the activity room. A specialized machine called the Gesundheit II, developed by Dr. Donald Milton and colleagues at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, was used to assess the exhaled breath of the participants.

At the conclusion of the experiment, none of the healthy individuals contracted the flu, a finding attributed to several factors. Notably, the infected students exhibited minimal coughing, which researchers noted was crucial since they were retaining “a lot of virus in their noses” and only releasing small amounts into the air.

Dr. Jianyu Lai, the study’s lead data analyst, emphasized that coughing is a significant factor in flu transmission. “Our data suggests key things that increase the likelihood of flu transmission — coughing is a major one,” he stated in a press release.

Another important factor identified was the ventilation and air movement within the study room. The air was continuously mixed by a heater and dehumidifier, which diluted the small amounts of virus present in the air. Lai pointed out that middle-aged adults typically exhibit lower susceptibility to influenza compared to younger adults.

Dr. Donald Milton, a professor at the University of Maryland’s Department of Global, Environmental and Occupational Health and an expert in infectious disease aerobiology, noted that most researchers assume airborne transmission is a primary mode of disease spread. “At this time of year, it seems like everyone is catching the flu virus, and yet our study showed no transmission,” he remarked. “What does this say about how flu spreads and how to stop outbreaks?”

Milton, who was among the first experts to identify effective measures to halt the spread of COVID-19, stressed the importance of findings from such trials in updating international infection-control guidelines. “Being up close, face-to-face with other people indoors where the air isn’t moving much, seems to be the most risky thing — and it’s something we all tend to do a lot,” he explained.

He further suggested that portable air purifiers, which can both stir up and clean the air, could be beneficial in reducing transmission risks. However, he cautioned that if individuals are in close proximity and someone is coughing, wearing a mask, particularly an N95, remains the best preventive measure.

According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), approximately 11 million flu illnesses and around 5,000 deaths have been reported so far in the 2025-2026 influenza season. A significant portion of current flu cases is attributed to the new influenza A subclade K variant.

These findings could reshape our understanding of flu transmission and inform public health strategies aimed at mitigating outbreaks in the future, according to Source Name.

The first-ever fentanyl vaccine, designed to prevent overdoses, is set to enter human trials in early 2026 after successful animal studies.

A groundbreaking vaccine aimed at preventing fentanyl overdoses is on track for clinical trials in humans, following promising results from animal studies. This innovative vaccine is designed to block fentanyl from entering the brain, thereby preventing its lethal effects and reducing the risk of overdose. If successful, it would represent the first preventive treatment against fentanyl overdoses, which are a leading cause of drug-related fatalities in the United States.

Unlike existing treatments such as naloxone, which reverse the effects of an overdose after it occurs, this vaccine works proactively by creating antibodies that target fentanyl. The vaccine contains a synthetic fragment of fentanyl linked to a protein known as CRM197, along with an immune-activating compound called dmLT. This combination stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies that capture fentanyl in the bloodstream before it can reach the brain, according to Colin Haile, co-founder and scientific adviser of ARMR Sciences, the biotech company that licensed the vaccine.

“In a vaccinated individual, those anti-fentanyl antibodies are in the blood,” Haile explained. “If they consume fentanyl, the antibodies grab onto the drug and prevent it from getting into the brain. They would feel no effects if they ingest fentanyl — absolutely none. And they would not overdose.” He added that eventually, the fentanyl would be eliminated from the body.

In studies conducted on mice and rats, researchers observed that the animals maintained antibodies against fentanyl for up to six months after vaccination. While some critics have raised concerns that such a vaccine might inadvertently encourage drug use, Haile countered that vaccinated individuals would not experience the euphoric effects typically associated with fentanyl, thus diminishing the incentive for misuse. The primary advantage of the vaccine, he noted, is its potential to mitigate the health risks associated with fentanyl use, particularly respiratory depression, which is the leading cause of death from this potent synthetic opioid.

The initial human clinical trial is scheduled to begin in early 2026 at the Center for Human Drug Research, affiliated with the University of Leiden in the Netherlands. This small Phase 1 trial will enroll approximately 40 participants and will focus on assessing the vaccine’s safety and immune response. Following the Phase 1 trial, a Phase 2 trial will evaluate the vaccine’s effectiveness in blocking fentanyl’s effects in humans.

Currently, the data available is limited to animal models, and it remains uncertain how effective the vaccine will be in humans. However, Haile reported that no adverse side effects were observed in the animal studies, likely due to the fact that the vaccine’s components are proteins that have been previously used in other human applications, establishing a known safety profile. He emphasized that the doses used in the vaccine are extremely low, and even in toxicology studies where animals received doses 20 times higher than what would be administered to humans, no signs of toxicity were detected.

Haile identified several potential use cases for the vaccine, particularly for individuals with opioid use disorder who are seeking to quit using fentanyl. It could also serve as a protective measure for first responders and healthcare workers at risk of accidental exposure to fentanyl. Additionally, military and national security personnel could benefit from the vaccine, as it may offer protection against fentanyl and similar compounds that could be used as chemical threats. Parents of at-risk teens or young adults may also seek the vaccine, given the prevalence of fentanyl being mixed with other substances, such as marijuana.

Looking ahead, Haile expressed optimism that this vaccine could pave the way for the development of other anti-drug vaccines targeting substances like cocaine and methamphetamine, which are already in the pipeline. “If we can tackle the primary ones — fentanyl, cocaine, and methamphetamine — we will be saving hundreds of thousands of lives,” he stated.

Dr. Marc Siegel, senior medical analyst for Fox News, described the vaccine’s progress as a “very exciting advance with a huge upside.” He expressed enthusiasm about the upcoming human trials, noting that the vaccine could significantly reduce the number of overdoses resulting from fentanyl use. “This is likely to prevent many overdoses where a patient is sedated and stops breathing as a result of fentanyl,” Siegel remarked.

While the antidote for fentanyl, known as Narcan, is effective, it has limitations. Fentanyl can remain in the system for many hours, while Narcan, an opioid antagonist, wears off after a few hours and requires re-administration. Siegel cautioned that the vaccine should be targeted toward those truly at risk for opioid overdoses and addiction, as fentanyl also serves important medical purposes, such as pain management for cancer patients and use in anesthesia.

The development of this vaccine has been supported by funding from the U.S. Department of Defense and is licensed to ARMR Sciences, which is working to bring this innovative solution to market.

As the landscape of opioid use and addiction continues to evolve, the potential impact of this vaccine could be transformative, offering a new avenue for prevention and protection against one of the most dangerous substances in circulation today, according to Fox News.

New research indicates that statins significantly reduce death rates and serious cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes, regardless of their heart disease risk level.

A recent study has revealed that statins, commonly prescribed cholesterol-lowering medications, may provide benefits to a broader range of individuals with type 2 diabetes than previously understood. Researchers found that these drugs not only lower the risk of death but also reduce serious cardiovascular events across all heart-risk categories, including those deemed low-risk based on standard 10-year heart disease predictions.

The research, conducted by scientists at the University of Hong Kong, utilized health records from the IQVIA Medical Research Data, a comprehensive medical database in the U.K. The study focused on adults aged 25 to 84 with type 2 diabetes who did not have serious heart disease or liver issues at the outset. Participants were monitored for up to 10 years, allowing for an extensive analysis of long-term health outcomes.

In the study, researchers compared individuals who initiated statin therapy with those who did not, categorizing patients based on their estimated 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease. This approach enabled them to determine whether the benefits of statins were limited to higher-risk patients or applicable to all.

The findings, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, indicated that adults with type 2 diabetes who were prescribed statins experienced a lower likelihood of dying from any cause and a reduced incidence of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and other serious heart-related complications. Notably, these advantages were evident even among patients classified as low-risk according to standard predictive tools.

Regarding safety, the study reported minimal concerns. A slight increase in muscle-related side effects, known as myopathy, was noted in one risk group; however, there was no significant rise in liver problems, which are often associated with statin use.

The researchers acknowledged that certain health-related factors, such as lifestyle habits, diet, exercise, and adherence to medical advice, were not fully captured in the data. These unmeasured variables could potentially influence the study’s outcomes. Additionally, some hospital events may not have been accurately recorded, suggesting that a few hospitalizations or complications might have been overlooked, which could slightly impact the findings’ accuracy.

Given the study’s results, the researchers recommend that healthcare providers consider the potential benefits of statin therapy for most adults with type 2 diabetes, even when short-term cardiovascular risk appears low. Patients are encouraged to consult with their healthcare professionals before starting or adjusting their statin therapy, as individual health factors, possible side effects, and personal cardiovascular risk should all be taken into account.

According to Fox News, this research underscores the importance of reevaluating treatment strategies for individuals with type 2 diabetes, highlighting the potential for statins to play a crucial role in improving health outcomes across various risk levels.

A recent study reveals that tramadol, a commonly prescribed opioid for chronic pain, offers minimal relief while posing significant cardiovascular risks.

A new analysis published in BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine has found that tramadol, a widely prescribed opioid painkiller, demonstrates limited effectiveness for chronic pain and increases the risk of serious cardiovascular harm.

Tramadol has long been viewed as a safer or less addictive alternative to other opioids, which has contributed to its extensive use in treating chronic pain, according to the study authors. Dr. Marc Siegel, a senior medical analyst for Fox News, noted, “Often, we may use tramadol to avoid more addictive drugs like other opioids, though in fact tramadol is a synthetic opioid. It is much milder.”

The analysis examined data from 19 randomized clinical trials involving 6,506 adults suffering from conditions such as osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia. All studies compared tramadol to a placebo treatment.

Overall, the findings indicated that tramadol resulted in a small reduction in pain; however, the relief was less than what is typically deemed clinically meaningful. Alopi M. Patel, M.D., a pain medicine physician at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai in New York City, remarked, “It is notable how minimal the pain reduction was and how clearly the study highlighted the elevated risk of serious adverse events, even over relatively short trial durations.” Patel was not involved in the study.

Participants who received tramadol experienced a higher incidence of adverse events—both serious and non-serious—compared to those given a placebo. Serious adverse events primarily included cardiovascular issues such as chest pain, coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure. The authors concluded that tramadol likely increases the risk of heart-related complications.

The study’s authors asserted that the benefits of tramadol for chronic pain are minimal, suggesting that the potential harms may outweigh any advantages. This raises significant questions regarding the appropriateness of tramadol for treating chronic pain conditions.

Most of the trials included in the analysis were short-term, with treatment durations ranging from two to 16 weeks and follow-up periods from three to 15 weeks. The researchers acknowledged that this limited their ability to evaluate long-term outcomes.

Furthermore, the authors reported that many outcomes had a high risk of bias, which may have exaggerated the perceived benefits and downplayed the reported harms. Although the trials encompassed various types of chronic pain, the data lacked sufficient detail to draw specific conclusions for individual conditions, making it “harder to generalize the findings to specific patient populations,” according to Patel.

Despite the study’s insights, Dr. Siegel cautioned against interpreting the findings too broadly. He stated, “Looking at slight increased rates of cancer or heart disease among those on the drug is completely misleading, because it is not controlled for other factors and there is no evidence or hint of causation. You would have to first look at underlying characteristics of that group who took the meds.”

He also emphasized that the study did not compare tramadol with stronger opioids like Percocet, which could provide a more comprehensive understanding of its risks and benefits.

Experts advise patients not to discontinue tramadol abruptly, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms. Those considering changes to their medication regimen should consult their healthcare provider.

Dr. Patel recommended that clinicians and patients engage in transparent, shared decision-making that weighs tramadol’s modest benefits against its risks. “I recommend that clinicians and patients engage in transparent, shared decision-making that considers tramadol’s modest benefits alongside its risks,” he said.

Fox News Digital reached out to several manufacturers of tramadol for comment but did not receive a response.

As the conversation around opioid prescriptions continues, this study underscores the need for careful consideration of the risks associated with tramadol and similar medications in the management of chronic pain.

According to Fox News, the findings of this study may prompt a reevaluation of tramadol’s role in pain management.

The FDA has approved the Wegovy pill, a needle-free weight loss option that may not be effective for everyone, offering an average weight reduction of 16.6%.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted approval for the Wegovy pill, marking the first oral GLP-1 medication designed for weight loss. Developed by Novo Nordisk, this new pill provides a needle-free alternative for individuals seeking to reduce excess body weight, maintain long-term weight loss, and lower the risk of major cardiovascular events.

The approval of the once-daily 25mg semaglutide pill was based on the findings from two significant clinical trials: the OASIS trial program and the SELECT trial. In the OASIS 4 trial, the Wegovy pill demonstrated a mean weight loss of 16.6% among adults who were classified as obese or overweight and had one or more comorbidities. Notably, one in three participants in this trial experienced a weight loss of 20% or more.

According to Novo Nordisk, the weight loss achieved with the Wegovy pill is comparable to that of the injectable version of Wegovy and shares a similar safety profile. Mike Doustdar, president and CEO of Novo Nordisk, expressed optimism about the new treatment option, stating, “With today’s approval of the Wegovy pill, patients will have a convenient, once-daily pill that can help them lose as much weight as the original Wegovy injection.” He emphasized that this oral GLP-1 treatment offers a new, accessible option for individuals dealing with overweight or obesity.

The Wegovy pill is expected to launch in the U.S. in early January 2026. In addition to its approval in the United States, Novo Nordisk has submitted the oral semaglutide for obesity to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and other regulatory bodies.

Dr. Sue Decotiis, a medical weight-loss specialist based in New York City, confirmed in an interview that studies indicate that oral Wegovy is comparable to the weekly injectable version, minus the need for needles. While the pill may enhance patient compliance and ease of use, Decotiis cautioned that some individuals might not absorb the medication through the gastrointestinal tract as effectively as with the injectable form. This variability can be attributed to individual differences in body chemistry.

Decotiis noted that most side effects associated with the Wegovy pill are expected to be gastrointestinal in nature, similar to those experienced with the injectable version. These may include nausea, vomiting, and constipation.

In her practice, Decotiis has observed that tirzepatide, marketed as Mounjaro and Zepbound, tends to yield greater weight loss and fat loss compared to semaglutide, often by about 20%. This trend has been supported by various studies, which suggest that tirzepatide may also come with fewer side effects.

Looking ahead, Decotiis indicated that more oral GLP-1 medications could be on the horizon in 2026. This includes an Orforglipron application by Lilly and a new combination drug from Novo Nordisk that is pending approval. She expressed optimism about the future of weight loss medications, stating, “There will be more new drugs available in the future that will be more effective for patients who are more insulin-resistant and have not responded as well to semaglutide and/or tirzepatide.” This development is promising, as novel drugs targeting multiple receptors could lead to better long-term outcomes for a broader range of patients.

As these medications become more affordable and accessible, Decotiis stressed the importance of maintaining healthy lifestyle habits. This includes proper nutrition, sufficient protein and fiber intake, and increased hydration, all of which are crucial for achieving lasting weight loss results. “If not, patients will regain weight and could lose muscle and not enough body fat,” she warned.

Fox News Digital reached out to Novo Nordisk for further comments regarding the Wegovy pill.

According to Fox News, the introduction of the Wegovy pill represents a significant advancement in the field of weight management, offering a new option for those struggling with obesity.

FDA has approved Novo Nordisk’s oral weight-loss drug, Wegovy, marking a significant advancement in obesity treatment and patient accessibility.

Novo Nordisk has made a significant breakthrough in the obesity treatment market with the recent approval of its oral weight-loss medication by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This new drug, branded as Wegovy, is the first weight-loss medication to be administered in pill form, offering an alternative to its injectable counterpart.

The FDA’s approval, announced late Monday, is a landmark achievement for Novo Nordisk, as Wegovy is now the first oral weight-loss drug cleared for long-term use. The medication contains 25 mg of semaglutide and is designed to be taken once daily. This new formulation aims to make chronic weight management more accessible for individuals who prefer to avoid injections.

The approval was based on promising results from the OASIS 4 phase-3 clinical trial, which revealed that participants taking the oral Wegovy pill lost, on average, approximately 16.6% of their body weight over a 64-week period. This weight loss significantly surpassed the results seen in the placebo group and is comparable to the efficacy of the weekly injection version of Wegovy.

Additionally, the trial highlighted meaningful reductions in major cardiovascular risk factors alongside the weight loss, further emphasizing the drug’s potential health benefits. Clinicians and public health experts have long recognized the importance of oral formulations, as many patients are reluctant to use injectable medications. Wegovy is expected to retail at around $149 per month and will be available through pharmacies and telehealth partners.

The approval of Wegovy not only represents a clinical advancement but also provides Novo Nordisk with a strategic edge over its competitors, particularly Eli Lilly, which is currently developing its own oral weight-loss therapy, orforglipron. The weight-loss drug market has seen significant growth in recent years, driven by the popularity of GLP-1 receptor agonists and an increasing demand for effective obesity interventions as global rates of obesity continue to rise.

Mike Doustdar, the CEO of Novo Nordisk, who took over the leadership of the company in August, expressed optimism about the new product. He stated, “Patients will have a convenient, once-daily pill that can help them lose as much weight as the original Wegovy injection.”

The approval of this oral weight-loss therapy underscores the evolving landscape of obesity treatment, where convenience and accessibility are becoming increasingly important. This development reflects a broader shift in healthcare towards long-term, sustainable solutions for chronic health conditions, particularly as obesity presents significant public health challenges worldwide.

Innovations like oral therapies could play a crucial role in improving treatment adherence and patient engagement, ultimately helping to address the growing obesity epidemic. As the market for weight-loss medications continues to expand, the introduction of Wegovy is poised to reshape the way obesity is managed, offering new hope for individuals seeking effective weight-loss solutions.

According to The American Bazaar, the approval of Wegovy marks a pivotal moment in the fight against obesity, highlighting the importance of patient-centered approaches in healthcare.

Stanford researchers have identified two proteins linked to rare heart inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination, providing insights that may help prevent myocarditis, particularly in young males.

Researchers at Stanford University have made significant strides in understanding the rare occurrence of myocarditis, a form of heart inflammation associated with COVID-19 vaccination, particularly among young males. Their findings reveal the role of two specific proteins in triggering this condition.

Myocarditis is a rare side effect of the COVID-19 vaccine, affecting approximately one in 140,000 individuals after the first dose and one in 32,000 after the second dose. The risk is notably higher among males aged 30 and younger, where the incidence rises to one in 16,750. Symptoms of myocarditis can manifest as chest pain, shortness of breath, fever, and palpitations, typically occurring one to three days post-vaccination. Elevated levels of cardiac troponin, a marker indicating heart muscle damage, are also associated with the condition.

According to Dr. Joseph Wu, the director of the Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and a professor of medicine and radiology, most individuals who experience myocarditis recover quickly and regain full heart function. “It’s not a heart attack in the traditional sense,” Wu explained. “There’s no blockage of blood vessels as found in most common heart attacks. When symptoms are mild and the inflammation hasn’t caused structural damage to the heart, we just observe these patients to ensure they recover.” However, he noted that severe cases can lead to hospitalization, critical illness, or even death.

The recent study, conducted in collaboration with The Ohio State University, sought to uncover the underlying mechanisms of myocarditis following vaccination. Researchers analyzed blood samples from vaccinated individuals, comparing those with myocarditis to those without. They discovered that individuals with myocarditis had elevated levels of two proteins—CXCL10 and IFN-gamma—released by immune cells, which contribute to increased inflammation.

“We think these two are the major drivers of myocarditis,” Wu stated. “Your body needs these cytokines to ward off viruses. It’s essential to immune response, but can become toxic in large amounts.” In laboratory models using mice and heart tissue, high concentrations of these proteins resulted in signs of heart irritation similar to mild myocarditis.

One notable finding from the study was the potential to reduce heart damage by specifically blocking these two cytokines without compromising the overall immune response to the vaccine. “This points to a possible future way to prevent or treat myocarditis in people who are at the highest risk, while keeping the benefits of vaccination,” Wu added.

The research team also identified genistein, a natural compound found in soybeans, which demonstrated the ability to reduce inflammation in laboratory tests. However, this compound has yet to be tested in human subjects.

The study’s findings were published in the journal Science Translational Medicine. Dr. Marc Siegel, a senior medical analyst at Fox News, commented on the complexity of the study, emphasizing that myocarditis is rare and the immune mechanisms involved are understandable.

Wu highlighted that myocarditis is significantly more common and severe in individuals infected with COVID-19 compared to those receiving mRNA-based vaccines, with the risk of myocarditis from COVID infection being approximately ten times greater.

The researchers underscored that COVID-19 vaccines have undergone extensive safety scrutiny and have demonstrated an excellent safety record. “mRNA vaccines remain a crucial tool against COVID-19, and this research helps explain a rare side effect and suggests ways to make future vaccines even safer, rather than a reason to avoid vaccination,” Wu stated. He reiterated that the overall benefits of COVID-19 vaccination outweigh the small risk of myocarditis for nearly all groups.

Despite the promising findings, Wu acknowledged limitations in the study, noting that most data were derived from experimental systems involving mice and human cells, which do not fully capture the complexities of myocarditis in real patients. “These findings do not change what people should do right now, because our work is still at the preclinical stage,” he cautioned. “Clinical studies will be needed to confirm whether targeted treatments are safe and effective.”

Wu also pointed out that myocarditis can occur with other vaccines, although symptoms tend to be more diffuse. He remarked on the heightened public awareness surrounding mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, stating, “If you get chest pains from a COVID vaccine, you go to the hospital to get checked out, and if the serum troponin is positive, then you get diagnosed with myocarditis. If you get achy muscles or joints from a flu vaccine, you just blow it off.”

The study received funding from the National Institutes of Health and the Gootter-Jensen Foundation, contributing to the ongoing research into vaccine safety and efficacy.

As the scientific community continues to explore the implications of these findings, the focus remains on ensuring the safety of vaccines while maximizing their protective benefits against COVID-19, particularly for vulnerable populations.

According to Fox News, these insights may pave the way for future advancements in vaccine development and myocarditis prevention.

Flu season is intensifying as the new H3N2 variant raises concerns worldwide, prompting health experts to advocate for vaccinations and preventive measures to mitigate severe symptoms.

As flu season approaches, a new strain of the virus is emerging as a significant threat. The Influenza A H3N2 variant, specifically the subclade K variant, has been identified as a key factor in the rising number of cases globally, including in the United States.

Dr. Neil Maniar, a professor of public health practice at Northeastern University in Boston, discussed the early severity of this emerging strain in an interview with Fox News Digital. He noted, “It’s becoming evident that this is a pretty severe variant of the flu.” He emphasized that in regions where this variant has been prevalent, it has led to severe illness, indicating that this flu season is already showing aggressive characteristics.

The subclade K variant appears to differ significantly from previous flu strains, exhibiting heightened versions of common symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, fatigue, cough, sore throat, and runny nose. Dr. Maniar described this variant as the “perfect storm” for a challenging flu season, particularly as vaccination rates are lower this year and the current flu vaccine does not specifically target this strain.

“The vaccine is very important to get, but because it’s not perfectly aligned with this variant, I think that’s also contributing to some degree to the severity of cases we’re seeing,” he explained. “We’re going into this flu season with lower vaccination rates and a variant that in itself seems to be more aggressive.”

Dr. Maniar expressed concern that this flu season could be particularly difficult, both in terms of the total number of cases and the severity of those cases. He pointed out that because subclade K is “quite different” from earlier variants, there is less natural immunity within the community, which further heightens the risk of transmission and severity of illness.

Individuals who are unvaccinated face a greater risk of experiencing more severe symptoms and a higher likelihood of hospitalization, according to Dr. Maniar. He strongly recommends that people take preventive measures, including getting vaccinated and practicing good hygiene.

In addition to vaccination, Dr. Maniar advises frequent and proper handwashing. While the flu can spread through airborne transmission, he noted that various other illnesses, such as norovirus, can survive on surfaces for up to two weeks.

The holiday season also increases the risk of flu transmission, as gatherings, large events, and crowded public transport can expose individuals to others who may be ill. “Those who are not feeling well or exhibiting symptoms should please stay home,” Dr. Maniar urged. “Especially if you think you are in that contagious period of the flu or any of these other illnesses that we’re seeing, whether it’s norovirus or COVID or RSV.”

He added, “If you’re not feeling well, stay home. That’s a great way to recover faster and to ensure that you’re not going to get others around you sick.”

For individuals uncertain about their health status or diagnosis, Dr. Maniar recommends consulting a healthcare provider for testing. Some providers may be able to prescribe medication that can reduce the severity and duration of the illness.

“It’s important that everyone stays vigilant and tries to take care of themselves and their families,” he concluded.

As the flu season unfolds, public health experts continue to stress the importance of vaccinations and preventive measures to combat the spread of this aggressive new variant, ensuring that communities remain safe and healthy.

According to Fox News.

A U.K. man suffered a stroke after consuming eight energy drinks daily, highlighting the serious health risks associated with excessive caffeine intake, according to a recent medical report.

A man in his 50s from the United Kingdom experienced a stroke after drinking eight energy drinks each day, according to a case study published in the journal BMJ Case Reports. The report, authored by doctors at Nottingham University Hospitals, underscores the potential dangers of high caffeine consumption.

The patient, described as “normally fit and well,” presented with symptoms including weakness on his left side, numbness, and ataxia, which is characterized by poor coordination and unsteady walking. Upon seeking medical attention, an MRI confirmed that he had suffered an ischemic thalamic stroke.

Upon his admission to the hospital, the man exhibited elevated blood pressure. Although his blood pressure was managed during treatment, it spiked again after his discharge, despite him taking five different medications to control it. It was later revealed that he was consuming eight cans of energy drinks daily, with each can containing 160 mg of caffeine. Notably, his caffeine intake had not been documented when he was admitted to the hospital.

After the patient ceased his caffeine consumption, his blood pressure returned to normal levels, allowing for the discontinuation of his antihypertensive medications. This case has prompted the authors of the study to raise awareness about the potential risks associated with energy drinks, particularly concerning stroke and cardiovascular health.

Dr. Marc Siegel, a senior medical analyst at Fox News, commented on the case, emphasizing the significant risks tied to high energy drink consumption. “This case report illustrates the high risk associated with a large volume of energy drink consumption, especially because of the high caffeine content, which can raise your blood pressure substantially,” he stated. Dr. Siegel was not involved in the study but highlighted the direct correlation between the man’s excessive caffeine intake and his health crisis.

In light of this incident, the authors of the study advocate for increased public awareness and targeted questioning in clinical practice regarding energy drink consumption. The findings serve as a cautionary tale about the potential health implications of excessive caffeine intake, particularly for individuals who may not recognize the risks associated with energy drinks.

As energy drinks continue to gain popularity, it is crucial for consumers to be aware of their caffeine content and the possible health consequences of overconsumption. The case of this U.K. man serves as a stark reminder of the importance of moderation and the need for greater education on the effects of these beverages.

For more information on health-related topics, readers can refer to various health news sources.

A Michigan man died of rabies after receiving a kidney from a donor who was infected while rescuing a kitten from a skunk, according to a CDC investigation.

A rare case of transplant-related rabies has resulted in the death of a patient in Michigan, following an organ donation from a donor who became infected while saving a kitten from a skunk. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced the tragic details of this incident on Thursday.

The unnamed Michigan resident received a kidney from the Idaho donor in December 2024. Unfortunately, the recipient developed severe symptoms that led to hospitalization and invasive medical procedures. The patient experienced fever, tremors, difficulty swallowing, and hydrophobia, which is a fear of water. He succumbed to the disease 51 days after the transplant.

According to the CDC, the donor had contracted rabies from a skunk that exhibited aggressive behavior while he was attempting to rescue a kitten. The investigation revealed that the donor was scratched on the shin by the skunk six weeks prior to his death. The donor’s family reported that he did not believe he had been bitten during the encounter.

“In late October 2024, a skunk approached the donor as he held a kitten in an outbuilding on his rural property,” the CDC stated. “During an encounter that rendered the skunk unconscious, the donor sustained a shin scratch that bled, but he did not think he had been bitten.” The family attributed the skunk’s behavior to its predatory aggression towards the kitten.

Following the encounter, the donor began to experience troubling symptoms, including hallucinations, difficulty swallowing, trouble walking, and a stiff neck. Just two days later, he was found unresponsive at home after a suspected heart attack. Although he was revived at a hospital, he was declared brain-dead and subsequently removed from life support.

The donor’s organs were made available for transplantation after his family documented the skunk encounter in a donor risk assessment. However, health officials noted that the assessment did not include screening for rabies, which is considered rare in humans.

“In the United States, potential donors’ family members often provide information about a donor’s infectious disease risk factors, including animal exposures,” the CDC explained. “Rabies is excluded from routine donor pathogen testing because of its rarity in humans in the United States and the complexity of diagnostic testing.” Initially, the hospital staff treating the donor were unaware of the skunk scratch and attributed his symptoms to existing health conditions.

In addition to the kidney recipient, three other patients received corneal tissue from the same infected donor. These individuals underwent graft removal, received rabies treatment, and remained asymptomatic, according to the CDC.

Health officials have reached out to approximately 370 individuals who may have had contact with the donor. Of those, 46 were advised to undergo rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.

The death of the kidney recipient marks the fourth documented case of rabies transmission through organ transplantation in the United States since 1978. The CDC emphasizes that the risk of such infections remains extremely low.

Transplant teams are now advised to consult with public health officials if a potential donor has recent bites or scratches from animals known to carry rabies, particularly if the donor exhibits unexplained neurological symptoms. However, the CDC noted that “no standard guidance currently exists for addressing reported donor animal exposures by transplant teams.”

Each year, approximately 1.4 million Americans seek care for potential rabies exposure, but fewer than 10 die from the disease due to effective prevention measures, according to the agency. For further details, Fox News Digital reached out to the CDC.

According to Fox News, this incident highlights the need for increased awareness and protocols surrounding organ donation and potential rabies exposure.

Men over 40 face increased health risks, prompting experts to recommend essential medical tests for early detection and prevention of chronic diseases.

As men age, particularly after reaching 40, they become more susceptible to chronic diseases, including heart disease, strokes, and cancer. A survey conducted by the Cleveland Clinic reveals that nearly two-thirds of men admit to delaying doctor visits, often until health issues become severe. Physicians emphasize that routine screenings are crucial for early detection and intervention.

“When it comes to preventing heart attacks, strokes, fatigue, erectile dysfunction, metabolic disease, and early aging, testing is essential,” said Dr. Jack Wolfson, a cardiologist based in Arizona. He urges men to prioritize testing, stating, “If I could give one message to every man over 40: Test, don’t guess. Catch the problem early, fix it naturally, and live to 100 and beyond with vitality.”

Experts recommend several key medical tests that men over 40 should discuss with their healthcare providers. Some of these tests are universally recommended, while others may be more relevant based on individual health factors.

Dr. Andrea Caamano, an endocrinologist from New Jersey, highlights the importance of a complete blood count (CBC) test. This annual blood test assesses the state of red and white blood cells and platelets, providing insights into infections, allergic reactions, inflammation, anemia, and clotting disorders. It is particularly vital for men undergoing testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), as testosterone can influence red blood cell production.

While health agencies like the CDC and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) do not recommend routine CBC testing for asymptomatic individuals, they advocate for it in those experiencing symptoms such as anemia, fatigue, or known medical conditions.

Another important test is the comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), which evaluates metabolic and organ function, including kidney and liver health. Dr. Caamano recommends this test annually for men on TRT, as it can detect issues like liver disease, diabetes, and electrolyte imbalances that may arise with age or medication use.

Routine blood pressure screenings are also crucial, particularly for men aged 40 and older. The CDC and USPSTF recommend annual checks for those with elevated risk factors, as high blood pressure can indicate cardiovascular disease.

Dr. Auda Auda, a physician at Baker Health in New York, emphasizes the significance of a coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan. This test measures calcified plaque in the coronary arteries, providing early insights into cardiovascular health. Auda notes that a high CAC score can lead to targeted lifestyle changes and interventions to prevent heart attacks and strokes.

Dr. Jeremy M. Liff, a neurologist in New York, recommends an advanced lipid profile, which breaks down specific types of LDL cholesterol. This test offers a clearer picture of cardiovascular risk, allowing men to make informed dietary and lifestyle changes to mitigate potential health issues.

Thyroid function testing is another essential component of health screenings for men over 40. This test measures thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and can reveal issues that may lead to mood changes, fatigue, or weight fluctuations. Major health organizations recommend this test for individuals at higher risk or those exhibiting symptoms of thyroid dysfunction.

The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is critical for screening prostate health. While the USPSTF advises shared decision-making for men aged 55 to 69, it is essential for those at risk of prostate cancer to discuss this test with their healthcare provider.

Additionally, monitoring insulin sensitivity can provide valuable insights into metabolic health. Dr. Liff points out that poor insulin sensitivity is linked to various health issues, including fatty liver disease and cognitive decline. Early detection allows for proactive lifestyle changes to protect long-term health.

Hormonal testing, including testosterone levels, is also recommended for men experiencing symptoms such as low libido or fatigue. Consistency in testing is vital, as testosterone levels fluctuate throughout the day.

Dr. Wolfson identifies omega-3 index testing as a potentially powerful predictor of heart health. Low levels of omega-3 fatty acids are associated with several health conditions, including heart disease and cognitive decline. While major health organizations do not routinely recommend this test for the general population, it may be beneficial for men over 40.

Carotid artery ultrasounds can reveal narrowing that increases stroke risk, making them valuable for high-risk individuals. Regular monitoring can help prevent serious health events.

Screening for colon cancer is also crucial, particularly for men with a family history. The USPSTF recommends screenings starting at age 45, with colonoscopies every ten years unless polyps are found.

Inflammation markers, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), can indicate underlying health issues. Dr. Wolfson refers to this test as an “inflammation alarm bell,” highlighting its importance in detecting chronic conditions early.

Lastly, vitamin D testing is recommended to assess overall health, as low levels are linked to various diseases. Dr. Wolfson suggests testing twice a year to account for seasonal changes.

Men over 40 should consult their healthcare providers to determine which tests are appropriate for their individual health needs. Early detection and proactive management can significantly improve health outcomes.

For further information on these tests and personalized recommendations, individuals are encouraged to reach out to their doctors.

According to Fox News Digital.

New research indicates that men with “beer bellies” face an increased risk of heart damage, even if they are of normal weight, challenging existing beliefs about cardiovascular health.

A recent study conducted by German researchers has revealed that men with abdominal fat, often referred to as “beer bellies,” may be at a heightened risk for heart damage, even when their overall weight appears normal. This finding raises important questions regarding the health risks associated with excess weight around the midsection.

The study aimed to investigate whether visceral fat—fat stored deep around internal organs—poses a greater threat to heart health than general body fat. Previous research has suggested that fat distribution plays a significant role in cardiovascular disease, but this study sought to provide more concrete evidence.

“Abdominal obesity, characterized by a high waist-to-hip ratio, is associated with more concerning cardiac remodeling patterns than high body mass index (BMI) alone,” stated Dr. Jennifer Erley, the study’s lead author and a radiology resident at University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, in a press release.

The research involved 2,244 adults aged 46 to 78, none of whom had been diagnosed with heart disease. Each participant underwent high-resolution MRI scans to assess the size, thickness, and volume of the heart’s chambers. In addition, researchers gathered detailed health information, including weight, blood pressure, cholesterol levels, smoking status, and diabetes history.

Rather than relying solely on BMI, which may overlook the location of fat deposits, the researchers utilized waist-to-hip ratio measurements. This method compares the circumference of the waist to that of the hips, providing insight into how much fat is concentrated around the abdomen. A high waist-to-hip ratio indicates the presence of visceral fat, which is metabolically active and linked to inflammation and stress on internal organs.

The findings indicated that men with elevated waist-to-hip ratios exhibited thicker heart muscles and reduced internal chamber volumes. This suggests that while the heart muscle may become bulkier, it holds less blood, thereby increasing the workload on the heart.

“[Abdominal obesity] appears to lead to a potentially pathological form of cardiac remodeling,” Dr. Erley noted.

When assessed using BMI alone, 69% of the male participants and 56% of the female participants were classified as overweight or obese. However, when waist-to-hip ratio was taken into account, the figures rose significantly, with 91% of males and 64% of females meeting the criteria for obesity.

While general obesity based on BMI was more frequently linked to enlarged heart chambers across all participants, abdominal obesity was specifically associated with thickening of the heart muscle and smaller heart chamber volumes. Over time, these structural changes can lead to heart failure and other cardiovascular complications, the researchers cautioned.

These associations remained robust even after accounting for various risk factors such as age, smoking, blood pressure, and other health indicators. Although the same trends were observed in women, the effects were notably more pronounced in men. This may be attributed to the fact that men typically store fat in the abdominal area more readily than women, particularly as they age.

The study’s findings provide valuable insights into why some individuals with normal or slightly elevated BMI develop heart disease, while others with higher weights do not. It underscores the importance of understanding that simply monitoring weight may not fully capture an individual’s heart health risk.

Despite its significant findings, the study does have limitations. It is observational in nature, meaning it identifies patterns but does not establish direct causation. Furthermore, the researchers did not follow participants long enough to determine who might eventually develop heart disease. While waist-to-hip ratio is a useful measure, it is a simplified approach that may not account for all variations in body composition.

The results of this study were presented at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America in Chicago.

Source: Original article

Current lung cancer screening guidelines may overlook 65% of patients, prompting researchers to advocate for universal age-based screening to improve early detection and treatment outcomes.

A new study from Northwestern Medicine reveals that existing lung cancer screening guidelines may be failing to identify a significant number of Americans at risk for the disease. Researchers are calling for a substantial overhaul of these guidelines to enhance early detection.

Published in JAMA Network Open, the study examined nearly 1,000 lung cancer patients treated at Northwestern Medicine between 2018 and 2023. The primary objective was to determine how many of these patients would have qualified for screening under the current recommendations set forth by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).

The USPSTF currently advises annual CT scans for adults aged 50 to 80 who have a smoking history of at least 20 pack-years, which equates to one pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years. This recommendation applies to individuals who either currently smoke or have quit within the last 15 years. Alarmingly, only about 35% of those diagnosed with lung cancer met these criteria, indicating that roughly two-thirds of patients were not flagged for testing prior to their diagnosis.

“Not only does that approach miss many patients who had quit smoking in the past or did not quite meet the high-risk criteria, it also misses other patients at risk of lung cancer, such as non-smokers,” said Dr. Luis Herrera, a thoracic surgeon at Orlando Health, in an interview with Fox News Digital.

The study highlights that patients who fell outside the screening guidelines often had adenocarcinoma, the most prevalent type of lung cancer among never-smokers. The research found that those overlooked by the current guidelines were more frequently women, individuals of Asian descent, and people who had never smoked.

In comparing survival outcomes, the study noted a stark difference: patients who did not meet the screening criteria had a median survival of 9.5 years, while those who qualified lived a median of just 4.4 years. This disparity not only reflects differences in tumor biology and the benefits of earlier detection but also underscores the inadequacies of current screening protocols in identifying a broader spectrum of cases that could be treated more effectively.

“The current participation in lung cancer screening for patients who do qualify based on smoking history is quite low,” Dr. Herrera noted, emphasizing that this is likely due to the complexity of the risk-based criteria and the stigma associated with smoking and lung cancer.

To explore an alternative approach, researchers modeled a universal age-based screening strategy, recommending screenings for everyone aged 40 to 85, regardless of smoking history. Under this model, approximately 94% of lung cancers in their study cohort would have been detected. The researchers estimate that such a change could prevent around 26,000 deaths from lung cancer annually, at a cost of about $101,000 per life saved. This figure is significantly more cost-effective than current screening programs for breast or colorectal cancer, which range from $890,000 to $920,000 per life saved.

Despite the potential benefits, Dr. Herrera acknowledged the numerous challenges associated with adopting lung cancer screening on a broader scale. These challenges include a lack of awareness and some healthcare providers not recommending the screening tests. However, he pointed out that the cost of screening is typically covered by most health insurance plans, and many institutions offer discounts for uninsured patients.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, claiming more lives each year than colon, prostate, and breast cancers combined. Due to the restrictive eligibility criteria based on smoking history, millions of individuals at risk are never screened.

Researchers from Northwestern Medicine argue that expanding screening criteria to include all adults within a specified age range could help bridge these gaps, particularly for demographics that are often underdiagnosed.

It is important to note that this study was conducted at a single academic center, which may limit the generalizability of its findings to the broader U.S. population. Additionally, the study relied on retrospective data, meaning it cannot definitively prove how the proposed screening model would perform in real-world scenarios. The cost and mortality projections are based on assumptions that could vary depending on the implementation of the screening program. The researchers also acknowledged that they did not fully account for potential downsides of broader screening, such as false positives or unnecessary follow-up procedures.

For patients who do not qualify for lung cancer screening, there are alternative evaluation options available, including heart calcium scores, CT scans, and other imaging techniques that can help assess lung health and identify any suspicious nodules.

Source: Original article

Health experts are raising alarms over the significant rise in adult-onset food allergies, with nearly 50% of adults developing at least one allergy later in life.

In recent years, there has been a concerning trend of adults developing food allergies later in life, leaving health experts puzzled about the reasons behind this sudden increase. A 2019 study published in JAMA revealed that nearly 50% of adults have developed at least one food allergy during adulthood.

Illana Golant, founder and CEO of the Food and Allergy Fund (FAF) based in New York City, shared her personal experience with food allergies, having developed them in her 40s. “That is not fully understood at all or recognized … we don’t know why they’re starting at certain points,” she explained in an interview with Fox News Digital.

Last week, FAF hosted a forum in Washington, D.C., which was attended by notable figures including HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy, FDA Chief Martin Makary, and NIH Director Jay Bhattacharya. During the event, health officials and researchers discussed the potential role of gut health microbes in the rise of food allergies.

Makary highlighted the evolving understanding of microbiomes, stating that the intestine hosts over a billion different types of bacteria that typically exist in a balanced state. However, he noted that modern diets, antibiotics, and other environmental factors can disrupt this balance, leading to inflammation and various health issues, potentially including food allergies.

Golant pointed out that certain foods appear to trigger allergic reactions more frequently in adults than in children. “Seafood, shellfish, and tree nuts seem to be proliferating among adults,” she noted, emphasizing the need for further research into this phenomenon.

A 2018 survey published in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology identified shellfish as the top allergen among adults. Golant recounted her own experience with anaphylaxis, stating, “If I didn’t know about food allergies, I would have thought I was having a heart attack.” She expressed concern over the rapid increase in food allergies, remarking, “Genetics can’t change so quickly. In a generation, food allergies have skyrocketed.”

According to FAF, approximately one in ten adults is affected by food allergies. Golant described the situation as a “perfect storm” of various environmental triggers, though she acknowledged that the specific causes remain unclear. “We still don’t know which ones and … if there is one primary [trigger], but my guess is that more likely, it is a perfect storm,” she concluded.

Source: Original article

A recent study from Japan suggests that black cumin seed powder may significantly improve cholesterol levels and support metabolic health.

A new study conducted in Japan has revealed that black cumin seed powder can significantly lower levels of bad cholesterol and triglycerides while simultaneously boosting good cholesterol within just eight weeks.

This research highlights the potential health benefits of black cumin, also known as Nigella sativa or black seed. This spice is commonly used in various Middle Eastern and Indian dishes, including curries and naan, and can also be found in some baked goods and spice blends. Additionally, high-antioxidant black seed oil is available as a dietary supplement, often marketed for its ability to support immunity, reduce inflammation, and improve digestive health.

The study, published in the journal Food Science & Nutrition, examined the effects of black cumin on cholesterol levels. Researchers from Osaka, Japan, conducted both laboratory cell tests and a randomized human trial. In the human trial, participants consumed 5 grams of black cumin seed powder daily for eight weeks, with their cholesterol and appetite levels measured before and after the supplementation period.

The results of the trial were promising. Participants experienced a decrease in triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), commonly referred to as “bad” cholesterol, and total cholesterol levels. At the same time, there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), known as “good” cholesterol. The findings also indicated a significant improvement in hunger levels, suggesting that black cumin may help with appetite control.

The researchers concluded that both in-vitro and human trials demonstrated black cumin’s anti-adipogenic and lipid-lowering effects. They noted, “The study highlights the potential of black cumin seed extract in improving lipid metabolism. These results suggest that black cumin seed may serve as a promising natural agent in obesity-related conditions, although further investigation involving comprehensive metabolic parameters is warranted.”

Theresa Link, a registered dietitian at Virta Health in Nebraska, commented on the study’s findings in an interview with Fox News Digital. She emphasized that cholesterol is “just one piece” of the cardiovascular health puzzle, suggesting that these findings should be viewed in a broader context regarding metabolic health.

Link also referenced a 2021 study that found black seed oil led to greater weight loss in female participants who consumed it daily. These participants reported feeling fuller, which likely contributed to their weight loss success. However, she cautioned that while the short-term results of the current study are promising, the trials lasted only eight weeks. She stated, “Black cumin seed alone isn’t a magic bullet for preventing obesity but may play a supportive role in weight management when combined with an overall healthy lifestyle.”

Moreover, black cumin contains a compound called thymoquinone, which is rich in antioxidants and may offer additional health benefits. Link noted that longer-term studies are necessary to confirm these effects and to understand how Nigella sativa might fit into a broader approach to metabolic and cardiovascular health.

As research continues, black cumin seed may emerge as a valuable component in the quest for improved metabolic health and cholesterol management, but it is essential to consider its role within the context of a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.

Source: Original article

Experts are investigating the role of gut microbiomes in the rising prevalence of food allergies affecting over 32 million Americans, seeking potential solutions through innovative therapies.

With more than 32 million Americans grappling with food allergies, health advocates and officials are delving into potential root causes, including the role of microbiomes. A recent forum hosted by the Food Allergy Fund (FAF) in Washington, D.C., featured prominent figures such as HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., FDA Chief Martin Makary, and NIH Director Jay Bhattacharya.

In an interview with Fox News Digital, Makary discussed how the function of microbiomes has evolved over time. He explained that the intestine is home to over a billion different types of bacteria, which typically exist in a balanced state. However, he noted that modern diets, antibiotics, and other environmental exposures can disrupt this balance. “That disequilibrium can cause inflammation, it can cause health problems, and it may be implicated in food allergies,” he stated.

Makary emphasized the importance of gut health, asserting that it is central to overall well-being. He pointed out that certain beneficial microbes may be lacking in contemporary populations due to dietary and environmental changes, which could contribute to the increasing incidence of food allergies.

Researchers at Siolta Therapeutics are actively exploring this hypothesis. Their oral microbiome therapy, STMC-103H, has demonstrated promising results in a Phase 2 trial involving 238 newborns with a family history of allergies. Early data suggests that this therapy could reduce the risk of developing food allergies by 77%, indicating that enhancing gut bacteria early in life may prevent allergies from developing altogether. Final results from this study are anticipated in early 2026.

Ilana Golant, founder and CEO of FAF, remarked to Fox News Digital that food allergies might serve as a “canary in the coal mine” for a broader health crisis linked to the microbiome. To further investigate the connection between gut bacteria and various health issues, FAF has launched its Food Allergy Fund Microbiome Collective in New York City. Golant expressed optimism, stating, “Solving allergies could reveal how to prevent and treat a range of diseases — from autoimmune disorders to neurodegeneration — that impact millions of lives.”

Food allergies are a significant public health concern, affecting approximately one in ten adults and one in thirteen children, according to FAF. Alarmingly, someone in the U.S. is treated in the emergency room for a severe allergic reaction every three minutes. Among the most common food allergies are peanut allergies, with emerging research indicating that early introduction of peanuts may significantly reduce the risk of developing allergies in childhood.

During the FAF conference, Secretary Kennedy noted that food allergies, particularly peanut allergies, appear to be much more prevalent among children today than in previous generations. Reflecting on his own childhood, he remarked, “When I was a kid, I never met anyone with a peanut allergy. I had 11 siblings and about 71 first cousins, and I didn’t know a single person in my schools or at any of the camps I went to who had one.”

Kennedy shared a personal perspective, revealing that one of his sons suffers from severe anaphylactic allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, and several other foods. “By the time he was 2 years old, we’d been to the emergency room about 22 times,” he recounted. Initially focused on treatment and safety, Kennedy soon turned his attention to the broader question of why food allergies are becoming increasingly common. “I have five of my seven children with allergies,” he added.

He acknowledged the complexity of the issue, stating, “There may be many causes, or there may be just one — we don’t know yet. But we’re going to study it. We’re going to break that omertà, end the taboo and find out what’s causing it.”

As research continues, the exploration of gut health and its potential impact on food allergies may pave the way for innovative treatments and a deeper understanding of this growing health crisis.

Source: Original article

A New Jersey man’s death has been linked to a tick-borne allergy to red meat, highlighting the dangers of alpha-gal syndrome, according to researchers at UVA Health.

A 47-year-old man from New Jersey has become the first known fatality associated with a tick-borne allergy to red meat, as reported by researchers at UVA Health in Virginia. The man, whose identity has not been disclosed, died last summer just four hours after consuming a hamburger. This incident followed a similar reaction two weeks earlier after he ate steak.

During the earlier episode, the man experienced severe abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting after consuming the steak, according to a press release from UVA Health. Initially, his death was categorized as “sudden unexplained death” until Dr. Thomas Platts-Mills of UVA Health identified it as a fatal allergic reaction.

The allergy in question is known as alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), commonly referred to as “red-meat allergy” or “tick bite meat allergy.” It is triggered by the bite of the Lone Star tick, which is predominantly found in the Southeastern and Eastern United States. The tick’s saliva contains a sugar molecule called alpha-gal, which, once injected into the body, can lead to allergic reactions to certain types of red meat, including pork, beef, rabbit, lamb, and venison, as well as products derived from mammals such as cheese, milk, and gelatin.

Individuals who consume foods containing these allergens may experience serious symptoms within a few hours, although reactions can vary in severity. Common symptoms include rash, nausea, and vomiting after eating red meat. Other potential reactions may involve itchy or scaly skin, swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and throat, as well as wheezing or shortness of breath, according to the Mayo Clinic.

While fatal anaphylaxis is a rare occurrence in severe cases, the New Jersey man’s death marks the first instance attributed to AGS. Dr. Platts-Mills noted that other factors may have contributed to the man’s severe reaction, including a beer he consumed with his hamburger, exposure to ragweed pollen, and recent physical activity.

Dr. Platts-Mills emphasized the importance of public awareness regarding the symptoms of AGS. “Severe abdominal pain occurring three to five hours after eating beef, pork, or lamb should be investigated as a possible episode of anaphylaxis,” he stated. He also cautioned that tick bites that itch for more than a week or larvae of ticks, often referred to as ‘chiggers,’ can increase sensitization to mammalian-derived meat.

Diagnosis of AGS typically requires antibody testing and a clinical examination. Unfortunately, many patients face a lengthy journey to diagnosis, averaging about seven years, according to Dr. Johanna Salzer, a CDC epidemiologist and author of a 2023 report on AGS. “To get diagnosed, they have to have access to an allergist,” Salzer explained. “For many people, there are barriers to obtaining that level of treatment.”

Once diagnosed, individuals may have AGS for life. However, Salzer noted that some patients may see a decrease in their antibody levels over time if they eliminate reactive foods from their diet. Currently, there is no cure for AGS, but physicians can assist patients in managing their symptoms. “Healthcare providers can offer various strategies to alleviate symptoms based on individual reactions,” Salzer said. For those experiencing severe reactions, EpiPens may be prescribed to counteract potential anaphylactic shock.

To prevent tick bites, Salzer recommends using EPA-approved insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, IR3535, Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus (OLE), para-menthane-diol (PMD), or 2-undecanone when venturing into areas where ticks may be present. Additionally, wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and socks, as well as avoiding grassy, brushy, and wooded areas, can help reduce the risk of bites.

After returning from tick-prone areas, individuals should shower and conduct a thorough check for ticks. Dr. Platts-Mills urged both doctors and patients in regions where Lone Star ticks are prevalent to remain vigilant about the risks associated with AGS. “If they experience unexpected episodes of severe abdominal pain occurring several hours after consuming mammalian meat, they should be evaluated for possible sensitization to the oligosaccharide alpha-gal,” he advised.

As awareness of alpha-gal syndrome continues to grow, health professionals stress the importance of recognizing symptoms and seeking timely medical attention.

Source: Original article

Researchers have developed an innovative drug-delivery implant that may help patients with hard-to-treat bladder cancer avoid surgery and maintain long-term cancer-free status.

In a significant advancement for bladder cancer treatment, researchers have introduced a new drug-delivery implant that could allow patients to avoid bladder removal surgery. This innovative approach targets a challenging form of bladder cancer known as BCG-unresponsive high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

The experimental drug, TAR-200, has shown promise in clinical trials conducted by Janssen Research & Development, LLC, a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson. Traditionally, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the first-line immunotherapy for early-stage bladder cancers. However, for patients whose cancer does not respond to BCG, options have been limited.

TAR-200 is a small device that releases the chemotherapy drug gemcitabine directly into the bladder. The implant is inserted through a simple outpatient procedure that does not require general anesthesia. This method allows for a targeted delivery of the drug, potentially reducing the need for more invasive treatments.

Dr. Sia Daneshmand, director of urologic oncology at Keck Medicine of USC and lead author of the study, emphasized the significance of this new therapy. “Traditionally, these patients have had very limited treatment options. This new therapy is the most effective one reported to date for the most common form of bladder cancer,” he stated in a press release. “The findings of the clinical trial are a breakthrough in how certain types of bladder cancer might be treated, leading to improved outcomes and saved lives.”

Bladder cancer ranks as the fourth most common cancer among men and the eleventh most common among women. According to the Urology Care Foundation, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer affects the tissue lining the bladder’s inner surface. High-risk NMIBC is particularly concerning due to its higher likelihood of recurrence following treatment.

The study aimed to provide an alternative for patients whose cancer recurred despite standard therapies. Previously, the standard treatment for these patients involved surgical removal of the bladder and surrounding tissues, a procedure that carries significant health risks and can adversely affect quality of life.

In the clinical trial, participants with high-risk NMIBC who did not respond to BCG were divided into groups to test various drug combinations and treatment methods. One group received TAR-200 every three weeks for approximately six months, followed by maintenance treatments every 12 weeks for up to two years.

Among the 85 patients in this group, an impressive 82.4% showed no detectable signs of cancer following treatment. Furthermore, 52.9% remained cancer-free at the one-year mark, with many maintaining their cancer-free status for over two years without the need for additional therapy.

In another group of patients with a less aggressive form of early-stage bladder cancer, early disease-free survival rates were recorded at 85.3% at six months and 81.1% at nine months. Notably, 94% of participants in this group were able to retain their bladders.

The results of the clinical trial were published earlier this year in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. However, researchers caution that this data is still in the mid-stage (Phase 2b) of testing. Larger-scale trials and regulatory reviews will be necessary before TAR-200 can be considered standard care.

As the researchers noted, “Because the study didn’t include a traditional comparison (no randomized control arm), we can’t definitively say how TAR-200 stacks up against other treatments in a fair head-to-head way.” They also pointed out that the patient group studied is a specific subset of those who are BCG-unresponsive and eligible for bladder preservation, which may not represent all bladder cancer cases.

Additionally, the follow-up period remains relatively short, and the number of participants modest. Consequently, the long-term benefits of TAR-200 and its applicability to larger, more diverse populations are still uncertain.

As research continues, the hope is that TAR-200 and similar therapies will provide new avenues for treatment, improving outcomes for patients battling bladder cancer.

Source: Original article

Chronic kidney disease has emerged as the ninth leading cause of death globally, impacting 788 million individuals, according to a recent comprehensive health study.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has officially been ranked as the ninth leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 788 million people affected globally. This alarming statistic comes from a significant study recently published in the journal The Lancet.

The research was conducted by a collaborative team from NYU Langone Health, the University of Glasgow, and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington. The study analyzed the global rise of kidney disease by reviewing 2,230 published papers and health datasets from 133 countries, focusing on diagnoses, mortality rates, and the overall impact of the disease.

From 1990 to 2023, the number of CKD cases surged from 378 million to 788 million, marking the first time the disease has entered the top ten list of the most deadly diseases globally. The findings were part of the Global Burden of Disease 2023 study, which also indicated that approximately 14% of the adult population worldwide suffers from chronic kidney disease.

In 2023 alone, around 1.5 million people died from kidney disease, reflecting an increase of over 6% since 1993. Most individuals identified in the study were in the early stages of the disease, which can often be managed or improved through medication and lifestyle changes before more invasive treatments like dialysis or surgery become necessary.

The research findings were presented at the American Society of Nephrology’s annual Kidney Week conference, and the authors described it as “the most comprehensive estimate of the condition in nearly a decade.”

Chronic kidney disease impairs the kidneys’ ability to filter waste and excess fluid from the bloodstream. While mild cases may not exhibit any symptoms, advanced stages can necessitate dialysis, kidney replacement therapy, or even organ transplants. Additionally, impaired kidney function has been identified as a significant risk factor for heart disease, contributing to approximately 12% of global cardiovascular mortality.

The study identified several key risk factors for developing kidney disease, including high blood sugar, high blood pressure, and elevated body mass index (BMI). Dr. Josef Coresh, M.D., Ph.D., director of NYU Langone’s Optimal Aging Institute, emphasized the urgency of these findings, stating that chronic kidney disease is “common, deadly, and getting worse as a major public health issue.”

Dr. Coresh further noted that these results should prompt policymakers to prioritize CKD alongside other major health concerns such as cancer, heart disease, and mental health issues.

Dr. Morgan Grams, M.D., Ph.D., the Susan and Morris Mark Professor of Medicine at the NYU Grossman School of Medicine and co-lead author of the study, highlighted that chronic kidney disease is often “underdiagnosed and undertreated.” She stressed the importance of increased urine testing to catch the disease early and ensuring that patients have access to affordable therapies once diagnosed.

Recent advancements in medications have shown promise in slowing disease progression and reducing the risks of heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. However, Dr. Grams cautioned that it may take time to observe the global impact of these new treatments.

Dr. Marc Siegel, a senior medical analyst at Fox News, commented on the “dramatic increase” in kidney disease cases, agreeing that the condition is “vastly underestimated and underdiagnosed,” particularly because early stages often lack noticeable symptoms. He explained that the kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste and managing electrolytes and acid-base balance, making them sensitive to fluctuations in blood pressure and blood flow.

Dr. Siegel noted that conditions such as high blood pressure, obesity, heart disease, and diabetes can significantly affect kidney function, leading to secondary kidney disease and failure. He urged healthcare providers to be more vigilant regarding kidney health and the effects of certain medications on kidney function.

This study received funding from the National Institutes of Health, the Gates Foundation, and the National Kidney Foundation, underscoring the importance of addressing chronic kidney disease as a pressing public health challenge.

Source: Original article

A recent study indicates that treating gum disease may lower cardiovascular risk by 10% annually, highlighting the significant heart health benefits of intensive dental cleanings.

A new study conducted by researchers at University College London (UCL) reveals that treating gum disease can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk. The findings suggest that intensive dental cleanings may provide heart health benefits beyond improving oral hygiene.

The two-year study focused on individuals suffering from periodontitis, a severe form of gum disease. Participants who received intensive treatment, which included a full-mouth deep cleaning and regular follow-ups, exhibited slower thickening and clogging of a major neck artery compared to those who only received routine cleanings. The research was published this month in the European Heart Journal.

In this randomized controlled trial, 135 adults with periodontitis were tracked at UCL’s Eastman Dental Institute. Periodontitis can arise from various factors, including poor oral hygiene, genetics, smoking, and uncontrolled diabetes. At the 12- and 24-month marks, those who underwent intensive deep cleanings showed reduced gum inflammation and fewer bacteria entering their bloodstream. Their arterial health was also notably better than that of participants who received standard scale-and-polish care, which primarily removes plaque and tartar buildup.

Dr. Marco Orlandi, a co-author of the study, noted that participants receiving intensive gum disease treatment experienced a 0.02 millimeter reduction in the thickening of their carotid arteries over the two-year period. “This is a significant result, as even a 0.01 millimeter reduction corresponds to a 10% decrease in cardiovascular disease risk,” Orlandi explained. He emphasized that this suggests participants may have reduced their risk by approximately 10% each year.

Healthcare professionals often monitor the thickness of the carotid artery wall as an early warning sign for clogged arteries, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Although this study did not track actual heart events, the observed changes in arterial health and reduced gum inflammation suggest that improved oral health could play a role in combating cardiovascular disease.

Professor John Deanfield, the lead author of the study and director of cardiovascular prevention at UCL, stated, “This is among the most robust evidence to date that oral and cardiovascular health are interconnected.” He added that addressing periodontitis could become a vital strategy in preventing serious heart and brain events, such as heart attacks and strokes.

Another co-author, Professor Francesco D’Aiuto, emphasized the need for medical and dental professionals to collaborate more closely in recognizing and addressing the cardiovascular implications of gum disease. Periodontitis affects approximately 40% of adults worldwide and can lead to symptoms such as bleeding, swelling, and tenderness of the gums, as well as tooth loss if left untreated.

Dr. Catrise Austin, a New York City cosmetic dentist and host of the “Let’s Talk Smiles” podcast, commented on the findings, stating, “Your gums are part of your vascular system. If they’re inflamed and bleeding, your arteries feel it.” Although she was not involved in the study, she believes the results underscore the importance of healthcare providers paying closer attention to their patients’ gum health.

Austin recommends that patients adopt a proactive approach to oral health by brushing twice daily, flossing daily, scheduling regular professional cleanings, quitting smoking, and managing conditions such as diabetes. “These steps not only protect your smile but also lower inflammation that contributes to cardiovascular disease,” she said.

The study was supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and the NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Center, in collaboration with University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. It adds to a growing body of research linking gum health to overall well-being.

Earlier this year, an analysis of over 500,000 individuals in the U.K. Biobank found that those exhibiting signs of gum disease, such as bleeding or painful gums, were more likely to have multiple chronic conditions, including diabetes, heart disease, and depression. While previous research indicated a correlation between gum disease and higher cardiovascular risk, this study provides evidence that treating gum disease may indeed reduce the likelihood of heart attacks or strokes.

Fox News Digital has reached out to the study’s authors for further comment.

Source: Original article

New research indicates that heavy alcohol consumption may lead to strokes occurring 11 years earlier than in light drinkers, with significant implications for brain health.

A recent study from Harvard University has revealed alarming insights into the relationship between alcohol consumption and stroke risk. The research indicates that individuals who consume three or more alcoholic drinks daily may experience strokes significantly earlier than those who drink less. Published in the medical journal *Neurology*, the study highlights not only the earlier onset of strokes but also the increased severity of brain bleeds associated with heavy drinking.

The study analyzed data from 1,600 adults, averaging 75 years of age, who were hospitalized for intracerebral hemorrhage, a type of stroke caused by bleeding within the brain. During their hospital stays, participants were questioned about their drinking habits, either directly or through family members. Approximately 7% of the participants were classified as heavy drinkers, defined as consuming three or more drinks daily. For the purposes of this study, one drink was quantified as a 12-ounce beer, a 5-ounce glass of wine, or a 1.5-ounce shot of liquor.

Brain scans conducted on the participants revealed the severity of the bleeds and assessed whether patients exhibited signs of cerebral small vessel disease. This condition damages the brain’s tiny blood vessels and is linked to aging, high blood pressure, and dementia. The findings indicated that heavy drinkers experienced brain bleeds at an average age of 64, compared to 75 for non-heavy drinkers, marking an 11-year difference. Furthermore, the brain bleeds in heavy drinkers were, on average, 70% larger.

The study also found that heavy drinkers were twice as likely to experience bleeding deep within the brain and nearly twice as likely to have bleeding that extended into the brain’s fluid-filled spaces, a serious complication known as intraventricular extension. Additionally, these individuals were three times more likely to suffer from severe white matter damage, a condition linked to long-term cognitive decline and accelerated brain aging.

While previous research has established a connection between alcohol consumption and stroke risk, this study suggests that heavy drinking may also exacerbate small vessel disease, making the brain more susceptible to severe strokes and hindering recovery. Dr. M. Edip Gurol, the lead author of the study, emphasized the importance of reducing heavy alcohol consumption. “Reducing heavy alcohol use may not only lower a person’s risk of bleeding stroke, but it may also slow the progression of cerebral small vessel disease, which in turn may reduce the chances of having another stroke, cognitive decline, and long-term disability,” Gurol stated in a press release.

Jennifer Tujague, chief scientist at the International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD) in Washington, D.C., commented on the study, noting that its findings align with previous epidemiological studies linking heavier drinking to an increased risk of hemorrhagic stroke. “Heavier drinking is also associated with high blood pressure, which is a contributing factor for this type of stroke,” she remarked.

However, the authors of the study acknowledged certain limitations. The research utilized a cross-sectional study design, meaning it examined data from a single point in time rather than tracking individuals over an extended period. Consequently, researchers cannot definitively conclude whether drinking caused the strokes or merely worsened their outcomes. Additionally, alcohol consumption was self-reported, which may lead to inaccuracies in the data, as participants could have underestimated or overestimated their drinking habits. Information regarding lifetime drinking patterns was also not available.

As the conversation around alcohol consumption and health continues, this study serves as a critical reminder of the potential risks associated with heavy drinking, particularly concerning brain health and stroke risk.

Source: Original article

New research indicates that resistance training may be more effective than cardio for blood sugar control and diabetes prevention, offering significant metabolic benefits.

New findings from Virginia Tech’s Fralin Biomedical Research Institute suggest that weightlifting may surpass cardio workouts in managing blood sugar levels and preventing diabetes. The study highlights the advantages of resistance training, such as weightlifting and bodyweight exercises, in enhancing the body’s ability to regulate sugar and fat.

To investigate the impact of different exercise types on metabolism, researchers fed mice a high-fat diet designed to replicate human obesity and insulin resistance, both of which are significant risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The mice were divided into two exercise groups: one group engaged in endurance training by running on a wheel, while the other group performed strength training by lifting a weighted door to access their food, simulating squats with increasing loads.

After several weeks, both exercise groups exhibited substantial health improvements compared to sedentary mice, including reductions in body fat, enhanced blood sugar control, and more efficient insulin utilization. However, the strength training group demonstrated superior results.

“Our data showed that both running and weightlifting reduce fat in the abdomen and under the skin, and improve blood glucose maintenance, with better insulin signaling in skeletal muscle,” said Zhen Yan, professor and director of the Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech’s Center for Exercise Medicine Research, in a press release.

Yan emphasized that “weightlifting outperforms running in these health benefits.” The mice that engaged in weightlifting not only shed more subcutaneous fat but also significantly decreased visceral fat, which encircles internal organs and heightens diabetes risk. Furthermore, these mice were more effective at clearing sugar from their bloodstream compared to their running counterparts.

Interestingly, the benefits observed were not solely attributed to increased muscle mass. The researchers discovered that resistance training induced distinct metabolic changes and muscle signaling that enhanced glucose regulation.

While this study was conducted on mice rather than humans, it contributes to a growing body of evidence supporting the notion that strength training is a vital component of metabolic health. This finding could be particularly encouraging for individuals who may struggle with prolonged cardio sessions, as it highlights resistance training as a viable alternative.

“The findings also bring good news for people who, for any number of reasons, cannot engage in endurance-type exercise,” Yan noted. “Weight training has equal, if not better, anti-diabetes benefits.”

The researchers advocate for a combination of cardio and strength training to achieve optimal health outcomes, suggesting a balanced approach that benefits the heart, muscles, and metabolism.

“The take-home message is that you should do both endurance and resistance exercise, if possible, to get the most health benefit,” Yan added.

The study has been published in the Journal of Sport and Health Science, further solidifying the role of resistance training in diabetes prevention and overall metabolic health.

Source: Original article

New research indicates that common viral infections, such as COVID-19 and influenza, significantly increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes in the weeks following infection.

Recent findings suggest that certain viral infections may heighten an individual’s susceptibility to heart disease. A comprehensive study revealed that individuals who contracted COVID-19 or influenza experienced a “dramatically” increased risk of heart attack or stroke—up to three to five times higher—within weeks of the infection. This research, which analyzed 155 scientific studies, was published this week in the Journal of the American Heart Association.

Lead author Kosuke Kawai, an adjunct associate professor at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, noted, “It is well-recognized that human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus, and other viruses can cause cancer; however, the link between viral infections and other non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, is less well understood.” Kawai added, “Our study found acute and chronic viral infections are linked to both short- and long-term risks of cardiovascular disease, including strokes and heart attacks.”

The research indicated that individuals who tested positive for influenza were four times more likely to experience a heart attack and five times more likely to suffer a stroke within the month following their diagnosis. In the case of COVID-19, the risk of heart attack or stroke was three times higher in the 14 weeks after infection, with an elevated risk persisting for up to a year.

When the body fights off a viral infection, the immune system releases chemicals that trigger inflammation and increase the likelihood of blood clotting. These effects can linger even after recovery from the infection. Ongoing inflammation and clotting can place additional strain on the heart and contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries. This may help explain why some individuals face a heightened risk of heart attacks or strokes in the weeks following a viral infection.

Dr. Bradley Serwer, an interventional cardiologist and chief medical officer at VitalSolution, emphasized the implications of these findings. “The findings suggest that low-grade inflammation plays a role by increasing the activation of blood clotting and damaging the inner lining of arteries, which supply blood to our bodies,” he stated. While the link between inflammation and cardiovascular events has been known, Serwer noted that this study reveals that many common viruses have a more significant impact than previously believed.

Markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), are associated with an increased risk of cardiac events. Inflammation can harm arteries in various ways, including causing microscopic tears that allow “bad cholesterol” (LDL) to invade and form plaque. Further inflammation can destabilize these plaques, leading to ruptures that may result in heart attacks or strokes. Additionally, inflammation activates the clotting process by stimulating platelets.

The study also identified chronic viruses, including HIV, hepatitis C, and varicella zoster virus (the virus responsible for shingles), as being linked to long-term cardiovascular risks. Individuals with HIV were found to have a 60% higher risk of heart attack and a 45% higher risk of stroke. Those with hepatitis C faced a 27% higher risk of heart attack and a 23% higher risk of stroke, while shingles increased heart attack risk by 12% and stroke risk by 18%.

Kawai pointed out that while the elevated risks associated with chronic viruses are lower than the heightened short-term risks following influenza and COVID-19, they remain clinically relevant, particularly due to their long-lasting effects. “Moreover, shingles affects about one in three people in their lifetime. Therefore, the elevated risk associated with that virus translates into a large number of excess cases of cardiovascular disease at the population level,” Kawai explained.

The researchers advocate for vaccinations against influenza, COVID-19, and shingles, citing studies that link vaccination to a reduced risk of cardiovascular complications. Kawai stated, “Preventive measures against viral infections, including vaccination, may play an important role in decreasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Prevention is especially important for adults who already have cardiovascular disease or risk factors.”

Serwer concurred, emphasizing that vaccination against these common viruses is a “key preventive strategy.” However, the researchers acknowledged some limitations of the study, noting that it was based on observational studies rather than randomized controlled trials. They also pointed out that most studies examined infection with a single virus, leaving it unclear how infections with multiple viruses or bacteria may have influenced the results.

The analysis focused on viral infections affecting the general public and did not identify high-risk groups, such as transplant recipients, who may be disproportionately affected. For individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, the researchers recommend consulting a healthcare provider to discuss appropriate vaccine recommendations.

Source: Original article

New research indicates that one in five individuals with normal body mass indexes (BMIs) may have hidden abdominal obesity, leading to increased health risks despite appearing thin.

For decades, body mass index (BMI) has served as a primary metric for determining whether an individual is underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese. However, recent global research suggests that it is possible to maintain a normal BMI while still meeting the medical criteria for obesity.

A large-scale study published in JAMA Network Open, which analyzed data from the World Health Organization (WHO), examined health information from over 471,000 adults across 91 countries. The researchers focused on individuals whose BMI fell within the normal range of 18.5 to 24.9 but who carried excess fat around their midsection, as measured by waist circumference.

The findings revealed that approximately one in five people with a normal BMI exhibited signs of abdominal obesity, characterized by a larger waistline that is associated with serious health risks. These individuals, often referred to as “skinny fat,” were not necessarily healthy despite their normal weight readings.

Compared to their counterparts with normal BMIs and smaller waistlines, those with abdominal fat faced a 29% higher likelihood of developing high blood pressure and an 81% increased risk of diabetes. They also exhibited significantly higher chances of having unhealthy cholesterol and triglyceride levels. In essence, their metabolic profiles resembled those of individuals classified as obese, even if their overall weight did not reflect this condition.

This research highlights a significant gap in the traditional methods of measuring obesity. While BMI considers only weight and height, it fails to account for the distribution of fat within the body. Fat that accumulates deep in the abdomen and surrounds vital organs poses particular dangers, as it can lead to inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular issues. This phenomenon is encapsulated in the term “TOFI,” which stands for “thin outside, fat inside.”

Lifestyle factors also play a crucial role, as the study indicated that individuals with normal BMIs who carried abdominal fat were more likely to lead sedentary lives, consume fewer fruits and vegetables, and hold desk jobs or be unemployed. This combination of reduced muscle mass and lack of physical activity facilitates the accumulation of visceral fat, even without a significant increase in overall weight.

The latest findings suggest that waist size may be as important to monitor as weight itself. For most adults, a waist measurement exceeding approximately 32 inches for women or 37 inches for men indicates excess abdominal fat and correlates with heightened health risks.

Despite the compelling nature of these findings, the researchers acknowledged several limitations. As the study was cross-sectional, it could only establish associations rather than definitive cause-and-effect relationships. Additionally, the data were collected from various countries and time periods, with a notable underrepresentation of high-income nations, which may limit the generalizability of the results. Furthermore, the study relied on self-reported data regarding personal habits, which could introduce variability in the reliability of the findings. Nonetheless, the WHO’s survey methods are generally considered well-validated.

In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of looking beyond BMI as a sole indicator of health. Individuals who may appear healthy based on their weight could still be at risk due to hidden abdominal obesity. Monitoring waist circumference alongside BMI could provide a more comprehensive understanding of one’s health status.

Source: Original article

As the fall season approaches, updated immunization schedules aim to streamline access to COVID-19, flu, and RSV vaccines for individuals seeking protection against respiratory illnesses.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently announced updated fall immunization schedules, which are largely consistent with last year’s guidelines. This announcement comes after a summer filled with confusion regarding changes to COVID-19 vaccine recommendations. Public health experts believe that these updates will facilitate access to vaccines for those who wish to receive them this fall.

“From a patient’s experience, there shouldn’t be anything different from what they’ve experienced in the past, except maybe they’ll get a little more information from the pharmacist,” said Hannah Fish, senior director of strategic initiatives at the National Community Pharmacists Association.

This fall, the COVID-19 vaccine is recommended for everyone aged six months and older. However, individuals are encouraged to engage in “shared clinical decision-making” with their healthcare providers before receiving the vaccine. This model allows for discussions between patients and providers, which can include doctors, pharmacists, or other health professionals administering the shots. The CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has emphasized that vaccination is particularly beneficial for those under 65 who are at higher risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes.

While the CDC’s recommendations cover a broad age range, there may be some complications in practice. Although health plans are required to cover the vaccine without charging consumers, some providers may hesitate to administer the shot to individuals under 65 unless they have underlying health conditions that increase their risk of severe COVID-19. This aligns with the Food and Drug Administration’s labeling for the COVID-19 vaccine.

“It’s a nuance that could occur in an interaction between a provider and a patient,” said Jen Kates, a senior vice president and director of global and public health policy at KFF, a health information nonprofit.

If a provider refuses to administer the vaccine to a healthy individual due to concerns about off-label use, experts suggest that patients can seek the vaccine from another provider. “They could go to a different pharmacy,” Kates noted.

In response to the declining uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine—only 23% of adults reported receiving the current vaccine as of late April—many states have stepped in to ensure access. According to Kates, 21 states and the District of Columbia have adopted broader recommendations than those set by the federal government.

Despite the availability of the vaccine, fewer pharmacies and healthcare providers may choose to stock it due to low demand. Jeff Levin-Scherz, a primary care doctor and population health leader at WTW, noted that large chains like CVS and Walgreens have sufficient supply to meet demand, but the additional barriers some individuals might face could hinder vaccination rates.

“To get more people to get vaccines, the key is making vaccination really easy and to take steps out,” Levin-Scherz emphasized.

In contrast, the flu vaccine tends to attract more interest than the COVID-19 vaccine, although only 47% of adults received a flu shot during the last flu season. The CDC recommends that nearly everyone aged six months and older receive an annual flu shot, and these vaccines should be widely available at pharmacies and physician offices. Health plans will also cover the flu shots without charging individuals.

In July, the federal Department of Health and Human Services mandated that flu vaccines must not contain thimerosal, a preservative used to prevent bacterial growth. Vaccine researchers have found no evidence that this mercury-based additive is harmful. Last year, the CDC estimated that only 6% of flu vaccines contained thimerosal as a preservative.

Additionally, a new vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was approved in 2023. The CDC recommends this vaccine for individuals aged 75 and older, as well as for those aged 50 to 74 who have medical conditions that put them at risk for severe disease. Those who meet the criteria should be able to receive the RSV vaccine at their local pharmacy. It is important to note that the RSV vaccine is not an annual requirement; individuals who have already received it do not need to get it again according to current guidelines.

As the cough and cold season approaches, the updated immunization schedules aim to ensure that vaccines remain accessible to those who need them. Public health experts continue to advocate for easy access to vaccinations as a means to protect public health during this critical time.

Source: Original article

New research indicates that while men’s brains shrink faster than women’s with age, women are still diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease at nearly double the rate of men.

A recent study has brought new insights into the aging of the brain, revealing that men’s brains shrink at a faster rate than those of women. Despite this, women are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease twice as often as men. This research challenges existing assumptions about gender differences in brain aging and Alzheimer’s risk.

Published in the *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*, the study analyzed over 12,000 brain scans from nearly 5,000 healthy individuals aged between 17 and 95. Each participant underwent at least two MRI scans over time, allowing researchers to track changes in brain structure as they aged.

Anne Ravndal, a researcher at the University of Oslo in Norway, led the study and aimed to investigate whether the higher incidence of Alzheimer’s in women could be linked to differences in brain aging between genders. “Women are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease more often than men, and since aging is the main risk factor, we wanted to test whether men’s and women’s brains change differently with age,” she explained to Fox News Digital.

The findings indicated that men exhibited a faster rate of brain shrinkage across various regions compared to women. Areas particularly affected included those associated with memory, emotion, and sensory processing, such as the hippocampus and parahippocampal regions.

In contrast, women’s brains maintained their size in more areas, although they did show a slight increase in the size of the brain’s fluid-filled spaces, known as ventricles. “Our findings show that men experience greater structural brain decline across more regions, meaning that normal brain aging doesn’t explain the sex difference in Alzheimer’s rates,” Ravndal stated.

Despite the observed differences in brain shrinkage, researchers concluded that changes in brain size alone cannot account for the disparity in Alzheimer’s diagnoses between men and women. “The results instead point toward other possible explanations, such as differences in longevity, diagnostic patterns, or biological factors,” Ravndal noted.

For instance, women generally have a longer lifespan, which extends the period during which Alzheimer’s can develop. Additionally, hormonal changes during menopause may influence how brain cells age, according to experts. Some researchers also suggest that women may be diagnosed with Alzheimer’s more frequently because they are more likely to seek medical help when experiencing memory issues.

However, Ravndal acknowledged a limitation of the study: it focused solely on healthy individuals, excluding those already exhibiting signs of dementia. The participants were also predominantly well-educated and drawn from multiple study sites, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.

Ravndal emphasized that the study is not intended to provide direct health recommendations for individuals. “Rather, it helps refine scientific understanding by showing that normal brain aging does not account for women’s higher prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease,” she said. She added that future research should aim to identify the underlying mechanisms contributing to these observed differences.

Source: Original article

A new study indicates that low-dose radiation therapy may serve as an effective treatment alternative for knee osteoarthritis, bridging the gap between pain medications and joint replacement surgery.

A recent study suggests that low-dose radiation therapy could provide a new treatment option for patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis, potentially filling a critical gap between pain medications and joint replacement surgery. This research, conducted by a team in Korea, was presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) annual meeting in September.

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease characterized by pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knees, which tends to worsen over time. The study indicates that a single course of low-dose radiation could be a “safe and effective” treatment for alleviating the painful symptoms associated with this condition.

The randomized clinical trial involved 114 patients diagnosed with moderate-to-mild knee osteoarthritis. Participants were assigned to receive either a very low dose of radiation, a low dose, or a placebo. Throughout the study, the only additional pain relief allowed was acetaminophen.

Participants underwent six treatment sessions, during which researchers evaluated “meaningful improvement” based on at least two of the following criteria: pain levels, physical function, and overall assessment of their condition. Additionally, patients completed questionnaires to report their pain, stiffness, and functional abilities. Notably, none of the participants reported any treatment-related side effects.

After four months of treatment, 70% of those in the low-dose radiation group met the criteria for meaningful improvement, compared to just 42% in the placebo group. Participants receiving the very low dose of radiation experienced a 58.3% improvement in their symptoms.

Experts noted that these findings suggest the low-dose radiation regimen “drove relief beyond placebo effects.” In the low-dose group, 56.8% of participants reported significant improvements in pain, stiffness, and physical function scores, while only 30.6% of those in the placebo group experienced similar benefits.

The study concluded that low-dose radiation led to significant reductions in pain and improvements in function after four months, utilizing a “small fraction” of the radiation typically used in cancer treatments.

Dr. Byoung Hyuck Kim, the principal investigator of the trial and an assistant professor of radiation oncology at Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Medical Center, emphasized the challenging decisions faced by individuals with painful knee osteoarthritis. They often must weigh the risks of side effects from pain medications against the potential complications of joint replacement surgery.

“There’s a clinical need for moderate interventions between weak pain medications and aggressive surgery,” Dr. Kim stated. “We believe radiation may be a suitable option for these patients, particularly when drugs and injections are poorly tolerated.”

He further explained that radiation therapy might be particularly beneficial for patients who have underlying inflammation and preserved joint structure. However, he cautioned that for those with severe osteoarthritis, where the joint is significantly damaged and cartilage is absent, radiation would not regenerate tissue. “For individuals with mild to moderate disease, this approach could delay the need for joint replacement,” he added.

Dr. Kim also suggested that this treatment should be considered in conjunction with other lifestyle factors, such as weight loss, physiotherapy, and medications, as the effects could be “even stronger when radiation is properly combined with other treatments.” He noted that patient satisfaction may also be higher compared to current treatment options alone.

While the study presents promising results, the researchers acknowledged some limitations, including a relatively short follow-up period. Plans for larger trials are underway to further evaluate outcomes in specific patient populations, comparing low-dose radiation with various medication regimens.

Source: Original article

Experts warn that the rise of antibiotic-resistant superbugs poses a significant global health threat, with the World Health Organization reporting that antimicrobial resistance is outpacing advancements in modern medicine.

Antibiotic-resistant superbugs are becoming an increasingly alarming global health concern. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported that one in every six bacterial infections is now resistant to antibiotics. This warning comes as part of a press release issued by the agency on Monday, highlighting the urgent need for more responsible use of antibiotic medications.

Based on data collected from over 100 countries between 2016 and 2023, the WHO found that resistance to antibiotics has risen in approximately 40% of infection samples. This troubling trend underscores the growing threat posed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

The report identifies eight common bacterial pathogens that are of particular concern: Acinetobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Among these, the most dangerous infections are caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, especially E. coli and K. pneumoniae, which can lead to severe health complications such as sepsis, organ failure, and death.

Antibiotics are part of a broader category of medications known as antimicrobials, which also includes antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics. When bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites become resistant to these medicines, it results in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), significantly increasing the risk of severe illness, disability, or death, according to WHO.

“Antimicrobial resistance is outpacing advances in modern medicine, threatening the health of families worldwide,” stated WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus in a statement accompanying the report. “We must use antibiotics responsibly and ensure everyone has access to the right medicines, quality-assured diagnostics, and vaccines.”

According to a study by the Global Research on Antimicrobial Resistance (GRAM) Project, more than one million deaths each year are directly linked to antibiotic resistance. While some instances of AMR can occur naturally as germs mutate over time, the WHO cautions that misuse and overuse of antibiotics and other antimicrobials are significant contributing factors.

Dr. Marc Siegel, a senior medical analyst for Fox News, expressed concern over the findings in WHO’s latest report. “These are aggressive bacteria that are more and more difficult to treat,” he said. “Carbapenem resistance, in particular, is very tough to treat, as is multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis.” Carbapenems are classified as “last-line antibiotics” used to manage serious multidrug-resistant infections, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Siegel pointed out that the overuse of antibiotics, particularly for common upper respiratory infections and serious hospital-acquired infections, is a primary contributor to the rise of AMR. He noted that antibiotics are not very profitable for pharmaceutical companies to develop, as they are typically used only during infections, rather than on a daily basis. Consequently, the medical community often relies on antibiotics that have been in use for decades.

Artificial intelligence (AI) may offer a potential solution to this growing crisis. Siegel suggested that AI could expedite the development of new antibiotics at a lower cost through machine learning, as well as improve sanitation and promote more judicious use of antibiotics in fighting infections.

To address the issue of antimicrobial resistance, the WHO is calling for enhanced surveillance of AMR and antimicrobial usage through its Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS). The organization emphasizes the need for countries to strengthen laboratory systems and generate reliable surveillance data, particularly from underserved areas, to inform treatment strategies and health policies.

“Countries must commit to strengthening laboratory systems and generating reliable surveillance data, especially from underserved areas, to inform treatments and policies,” the report stated. “WHO calls on all countries to report high-quality data on AMR and antimicrobial use to GLASS by 2030.”

Source: Original article

A recent study from UC Irvine reveals how inulin fiber can reshape gut bacteria to metabolize harmful fructose, potentially protecting the liver from sugar damage.

A new study from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) has shed light on how dietary fiber, particularly inulin, plays a crucial role in protecting the body from the damaging effects of sugar. This research, conducted by the UCI School of Medicine, emphasizes the importance of gut health in metabolizing sugars effectively.

Inulin is a naturally occurring fiber found in various vegetables, including onions, garlic, and artichokes. According to lead researcher Cholsoon Jang, PhD, from UCI’s Nutrient Metabolism & Disease Lab, the study demonstrates that consuming inulin can significantly alter the composition of gut bacteria, enabling them to metabolize harmful fructose before it reaches the liver.

The findings, published in the journal Nature Metabolism, reveal a new dimension of fiber’s protective benefits, extending beyond digestion to how the body processes sugar at the molecular level. Jang noted, “We found that consuming a type of dietary fiber called inulin changes the bacteria in the gut to promote the consumption of harmful dietary fructose.”

Fructose, a common sugar found in fruits and many sweetened foods, can pose health risks when consumed in excess. The study found that when individuals consume fructose, the gut bacteria in the small intestine can metabolize it effectively, preventing it from overwhelming the liver. However, without sufficient fiber intake, excess fructose can “spill over,” leading to fat accumulation in the liver.

By introducing inulin into the diet, researchers discovered that gut bacteria could efficiently break down fructose early in the digestive process, thus averting potential metabolic damage. Remarkably, once these bacteria were “primed” by inulin, they were able to reverse signs of fatty liver disease, reducing fat accumulation and enhancing the liver’s natural antioxidant levels.

Jang emphasized the significance of these findings, stating that not all calories are created equal. The research provides valuable insights into how fiber can protect health from harmful nutrients like fructose. The study specifically focused on non-obese participants, highlighting that metabolic damage is not exclusive to those who are overweight. Even individuals who appear healthy may experience liver stress and insulin resistance if their gut microbes are not adequately equipped to handle excess fructose.

By identifying specific gut bacteria and metabolic pathways involved in this process, the researchers believe their findings could inform personalized nutrition strategies. Jang mentioned that future research will investigate whether other common fibers, beyond inulin, can elicit similar protective effects against sugar damage.

The implications of this research extend beyond academic interest. If certain fibers can effectively train gut microbes to neutralize sugar before it inflicts harm on the liver, this could pave the way for new treatments for conditions such as fatty liver disease, diabetes, obesity, and even cancer.

For now, the study underscores that dietary fiber not only aids in digestion but also serves as a defender of metabolic health. As Jang articulated, “For example, by checking how well someone’s gut bacteria clears fructose before the body absorbs it, we can choose the right prebiotic or probiotic supplement for that person to improve results and reduce side effects.”

This research highlights the critical role of dietary choices in maintaining metabolic health and suggests that increasing fiber intake could be a simple yet effective strategy for mitigating the adverse effects of high-sugar diets.

Source: Original article

Researchers have found a link between exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), a common chemical, and an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease, according to a recent study.

A recent study published in the journal Neurology has revealed a connection between trichloroethylene (TCE), a widely used chemical in the United States, and an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease. Researchers from the Barrow Neurological Institute in Phoenix, Arizona, analyzed data from over 222,000 individuals recently diagnosed with Parkinson’s, alongside more than 1.1 million people without the disease.

TCE is a chlorinated solvent commonly employed for degreasing metal parts and in industrial cleaning processes. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), TCE is regulated under the Toxic Substances Control Act due to its potential health risks, which include liver and kidney cancers, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and damage to the central nervous system, immune system, and reproductive organs. The chemical has also been linked to fetal heart defects.

Previous research has indicated that TCE can cross the blood-brain barrier when inhaled or ingested, potentially causing neuronal damage. In this latest study, the researchers specifically examined the relationship between ambient TCE exposure and Parkinson’s disease risk, particularly focusing on individuals living near facilities that emit TCE.

Dr. Brittany Krzyzanowski, Ph.D., an assistant professor of neurology at Barrow, stated, “We found a nationwide relationship between ambient TCE and Parkinson’s disease risk and some compelling patterns of high risk in individuals who live near certain facilities that emit TCE compared to those whose homes are farther away.”

The study identified the highest outdoor concentrations of TCE in the Rust Belt region of the U.S., as well as in several smaller areas across the country. Dr. Krzyzanowski expressed that while the association between TCE exposure and Parkinson’s disease risk is not new, this study is significant as it links ambient TCE levels in neighborhood air pollution to the risk of developing Parkinson’s disease on a national scale.

Despite these findings, the study’s observational nature means it does not definitively prove that TCE exposure causes Parkinson’s disease. Dr. Krzyzanowski noted that the research was limited to Medicare-aged individuals, which means the results may not apply to cases of early-onset Parkinson’s disease.

Dr. Aaron Ellenbogen, a neurologist and lead physician at the Parkinson’s Disease & Movement Disorders Center at the Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, acknowledged that the findings are consistent with previous research. He pointed out that the first documented case linking Parkinson’s disease to TCE exposure was published in 1969. Dr. Ellenbogen emphasized that TCE is used in various applications, including dry cleaning and industrial solvents.

While the exact mechanism by which TCE may contribute to Parkinson’s disease remains unclear, Dr. Ellenbogen suggested that it could involve a complex interplay between environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility. Dr. Guy Schwartz, co-director of the Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders Center at Stony Brook Medicine, highlighted that TCE is prevalent in everyday materials such as cleaning wipes, glue, and ink, as well as in the manufacturing of soap, paper, and plastics.

Dr. Schwartz cautioned that exposure to TCE, even in small amounts over extended periods, could trigger the biochemical processes leading to the premature death of neurons, a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease. He also noted that TCE is not the only risk factor to consider, suggesting that exposure to multiple neurotoxins may contribute to the onset of the disease.

Dr. Ellenbogen mentioned that avoiding TCE exposure can be challenging. He recommended using medical-grade air purifiers, filtering water, and avoiding plastic water bottles as potential measures to reduce risk. Dr. Krzyzanowski encouraged individuals to be aware of the previous studies linking TCE exposure to Parkinson’s disease and to investigate whether their communities are affected by TCE contamination. She suggested that community involvement in environmental advocacy and remediation efforts could be beneficial.

The study received support from the American Academy of Neurology and the Barrow Neurological Foundation. Fox News Digital reached out to several manufacturers of TCE for comment but did not receive a response.

Source: Original article

A recent study suggests that vitamin B3, taken in specific doses, may significantly reduce the risk of certain skin cancers in veterans over a long-term period.

A new study published in JAMA Dermatology indicates that vitamin B3, also known as nicotinamide, may play a crucial role in preventing skin cancer. The research highlights a notable decrease in the risk of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma among veterans who consumed this vitamin over a 25-year period.

The study analyzed health data from more than 33,000 veterans, utilizing records from the Veterans Affairs (VA) system spanning from 1999 to 2024. Participants who took nicotinamide at a dosage of 500 mg twice daily were compared with similar individuals who did not take the supplement. Matching criteria included age, sex, race, history of skin cancer, and exposure to other treatments.

Additionally, the researchers took into account whether participants had specific health conditions, such as a history of organ transplants or chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Among the study group, 12,287 patients received oral vitamin B3 for more than 30 days, while 21,479 patients did not take the vitamin.

The findings revealed that those who consumed vitamin B3 experienced a lower incidence of skin cancers overall. Specifically, the risk of developing basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was reduced by approximately 14% in individuals who took the supplement.

The study also examined the recurrence rates of skin cancer. It was noted that patients who began taking nicotinamide immediately following their first skin cancer diagnosis had a remarkable 54% reduced risk of the disease returning. However, this benefit was less pronounced in individuals diagnosed with multiple skin cancers.

For patients with organ transplants, the overall risk did not show significant differences unless they started taking vitamin B3 early, which appeared to lower the risk of squamous cell carcinoma.

The researchers concluded that their results indicate a decreased risk of skin cancer among patients treated with nicotinamide, with the most substantial effects observed when treatment was initiated after the first skin cancer diagnosis.

In a recent podcast episode from JAMA Dermatology, co-researcher Dr. Lee Wheless of Vanderbilt University Medical Center discussed the implications of these findings. He expressed a shift in his perspective regarding the use of nicotinamide for skin cancer prevention.

Dr. Wheless noted that he would not recommend immediate nicotinamide use for someone newly diagnosed with skin cancer. However, he acknowledged the importance of early intervention. “If a patient has developed that field cancerization already, I really question — is this going to be as effective as if we had started before?” he stated.

He emphasized the need for proactive measures, stating, “I think this really pushes me to say we need to start now and not wait for you to have that sixth, seventh or more skin cancer before we start doing something preventive.”

The study’s findings may encourage healthcare providers to consider vitamin B3 as a preventive measure against skin cancer, particularly for high-risk populations such as veterans.

As research continues to explore the benefits of nicotinamide, it may pave the way for new guidelines in skin cancer prevention and treatment strategies.

Source: Original article