Texas is experiencing a significant surge in whooping cough cases, with over 3,500 infections reported this year, prompting health officials to emphasize the importance of vaccinations.
Texas health officials are raising concerns over a dramatic increase in whooping cough cases, a common childhood illness. The Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) reported this week that the number of whooping cough infections has nearly quadrupled compared to the same time last year.
Provisional data indicates that Texas has recorded over 3,500 cases of whooping cough, also known as pertussis, through October 2023. This marks the second consecutive year that the state has seen a significant rise in cases, leading to the issuance of a health alert.
Pertussis is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, according to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The illness typically begins with symptoms resembling a common cold, such as a runny nose, sneezing, and a mild cough. However, it can escalate into severe coughing fits that may culminate in a high-pitched “whoop” as the individual gasps for air.
The progression of whooping cough generally occurs in three stages: initial cold-like symptoms, followed by violent coughing episodes, and finally a gradual recovery, as noted by the Cleveland Clinic. While anyone can contract whooping cough, the most severe complications are observed in infants aged 12 months and younger. Babies are at a higher risk of hospitalization, especially if they are immunocompromised or not vaccinated.
In infants, the classic “whoop” sound may not be present. Instead, they may exhibit difficulty breathing or experience pauses in breathing, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Teenagers and adults can also become infected, often due to waning vaccine protection, but they typically experience milder symptoms.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends pertussis vaccinations for individuals of all ages. Texas health leaders emphasize the importance of staying up to date with vaccinations to combat fading immunity. Pregnant women are advised to receive a Tdap shot during each pregnancy, ideally between 27 and 36 weeks, to help protect their newborns. Additionally, adults who are in close contact with infants should be vaccinated at least two weeks prior to exposure, according to health officials.
Clinicians are encouraged to test anyone exhibiting symptoms consistent with pertussis. Treatment can begin based on a “strong clinical suspicion” or known exposure to the disease. PCR tests are preferred due to their speed and availability.
Early treatment, regardless of vaccination history, is crucial for preventing severe illness and curbing the spread of the infection, officials stress.
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