The potential discovery of a new dwarf planet, 2017OF201, may provide further evidence for the existence of the theoretical Planet Nine, challenging previous beliefs about the Kuiper Belt.
A team of scientists from the Institute for Advanced Study School of Natural Sciences in Princeton, New Jersey, has announced the potential discovery of a new dwarf planet, designated 2017OF201. This finding could lend support to the theory of a super-planet, often referred to as Planet Nine, located in the outer reaches of our solar system.
The object, classified as a trans-Neptune Object (TNO), was located beyond the icy and desolate region of the Kuiper Belt. TNOs are minor planets that orbit the Sun at distances greater than that of Neptune. While many TNOs exist, 2017OF201 stands out due to its considerable size and unique orbital characteristics.
Leading the research team, Sihao Cheng, along with colleagues Jiaxuan Li and Eritas Yang, utilized advanced computational methods to analyze the object’s trajectory. Cheng noted that the aphelion, or the farthest point in its orbit from the Sun, is over 1,600 times that of Earth’s orbit. In contrast, the perihelion, the closest point to the Sun, is approximately 44.5 times that of Earth’s orbit, resembling Pluto’s orbital path.
2017OF201 takes an estimated 25,000 years to complete one orbit around the Sun. Yang suggested that its unusual orbit may have resulted from close encounters with a giant planet, which could have ejected it to a wider orbit. Cheng further speculated that the object may have initially been ejected into the Oort Cloud, the most distant region of our solar system, before being drawn back into its current orbit.
This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of the outer solar system’s structure. In January 2016, astronomers Konstantin Batygin and Mike Brown from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) presented research suggesting the existence of a planet approximately 1.5 times the size of Earth in the outer solar system. However, this so-called Planet Nine remains a theoretical construct, as neither Batygin nor Brown has directly observed the planet.
The theory posits that Planet Nine could be similar in size to Neptune and located far beyond Pluto, in the Kuiper Belt region where 2017OF201 was found. If it exists, it is theorized to have a mass up to ten times that of Earth and could be situated as much as 30 times farther from the Sun than Neptune. Estimates suggest that it would take between 10,000 and 20,000 Earth years to complete a single orbit around the Sun.
Previously, the area beyond the Kuiper Belt was thought to be largely empty, but the discovery of 2017OF201 suggests otherwise. Cheng emphasized that only about 1% of the object’s orbit is currently visible to astronomers. He remarked, “Even though advances in telescopes have enabled us to explore distant parts of the universe, there is still a great deal to discover about our own solar system.”
Nasa has indicated that if Planet Nine does exist, it could help explain the peculiar orbits of certain smaller objects in the distant Kuiper Belt. As it stands, the existence of Planet Nine remains largely theoretical, with its potential presence inferred from gravitational patterns observed in the outer solar system.
This recent discovery of 2017OF201 adds a new layer to the ongoing exploration of our solar system and the mysteries that lie beyond the known planets.
According to Fox News, the implications of this discovery could reshape our understanding of celestial bodies in the far reaches of our solar system.